• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (23): 88-101.doi: 10.3901/JME.2024.23.088

• 机器人及机构学 • 上一篇    下一篇

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新型模块化农业机器人设计分析与冗余协同控制

潘宇真1, 魏佳炜2, KHAN Rezwan Al Islam2, 陈雄2, 王洪波1, 商慧亮1,2   

  1. 1. 复旦大学工程与应用技术研究院 上海 200082;
    2. 复旦大学信息科学与工程学院 上海 200082
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-30 修回日期:2023-09-04 出版日期:2024-12-05 发布日期:2025-01-23
  • 作者简介:潘宇真,男,1998年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为农业机器人、轮足仿生机器人、机器人控制系统。E-mail:yzpan21@m.fudan.edu.cn;商慧亮(通信作者),男,1978年出生,博士,教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为智能农业机器人、多传感器融合、机器人抓取。E-mail:shanghl@fudan.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    上海市科技兴农项目基金资助项目(2022-02-08-00-12-F01128)。

Design and Analysis of a Novel Modular Agricultural Robot with Its Redundant Cooperative Control Strategy

PAN Yuzhen1, WEI Jiawei2, KHAN Rezwan Al Islam2, CHEN Xiong2, WANG Hongbo1, SHANG Huiliang1,2   

  1. 1. Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200082;
    2. School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200082
  • Received:2023-05-30 Revised:2023-09-04 Online:2024-12-05 Published:2025-01-23

摘要: 提出了基于模块化理论的多场景农业机器人,可应用于农业大棚、户外场景等。通过搭载不同的模块化农机设备,实现多种作物的监测、授粉、药物喷洒、采摘等任务,实现了农场自主运行,降低了人工成本。该农业机器人采用悬挂减震系统、独立转向驱动结构和双地形轨道轮设计,可以适应室内平地、轨道、室外农田等多种场景,实现多种运动模态和工作场景的自主切换。针对高精度的底盘机械臂协同运动控制,建立对应的运动学和动力学模型,并根据样机参数分析其控制精度。针对需要遍历目标任务点的工作,提出新型的冗余协同控制策略。试验结果表明,农业机器人样机各项参数均满足工作要求,冗余协同控制策略相比传统的间歇式的效率最多可以提升30%,动力学上的误差也得到数值验证,从数学模型和仿真角度量化了样机参数、遍历效率、控制精度等因素的影响,为进一步的改进和优化提供了指导。试验结果支持机器人在农业场景的设计和实际应用,为农业生产提供高效、精确的解决方案。

关键词: 模块化农业机器人, 多用途机械臂, 多场景自主切换, 冗余协同控制

Abstract: A multi-scene agricultural robot is proposed based on modularity theory, which can be applied to agricultural greenhouses, outdoor scenes, etc. By carrying different modular agricultural equipment, it realizes the tasks of monitoring, pollination, drug spraying and picking of multiple crops, realizing the autonomous operation of the farm and reducing the labor cost. The agricultural robot adopts suspension shock absorption system, independent steering drive structure and dual terrain track wheel design, which can adapt to various scenes such as indoor flat land, track and outdoor farmland, and realize multiple motion modes and work scenes of autonomous switching. For the high-precision chassis robotic arm cooperative motion control, the research establishes the corresponding kinematic and dynamics models, and analyzes its control accuracy according to the prototype parameters. For the work that requires traversing the target task points, a novel redundant cooperative control strategy is proposed. The experimental results show that all parameters of the agricultural robot prototype meet the working requirements; the efficiency of the redundant cooperative control strategy can be improved by up to 30% compared with the traditional intermittent one, and the errors in dynamics are verified numerically. The effects of the prototype parameters, traversal efficiency, and control accuracy are quantified from mathematical modeling and simulation perspectives, providing guidance for further improvement and optimization. The experimental results support the design and practical application of robots in agricultural scenarios, providing efficient and precise solutions for agricultural production.

Key words: modular agricultural robot, multi-purpose robotic arm, autonomous switching of multiple scenes, redundant cooperative control

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