• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (19): 318-331.doi: 10.3901/JME.2024.19.318

• 制造工艺与装备 • 上一篇    下一篇

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钛铝合金低温切削加工温度的实验和仿真研究

王相宇1, 仇文豪1, 牛金涛1, 刘国梁2, 付秀丽1, 郭培全1, 乔阳1   

  1. 1. 济南大学机械工程学院 济南 250022;
    2. 青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院 青岛 266520
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-23 修回日期:2024-03-14 出版日期:2024-10-05 发布日期:2024-11-27
  • 作者简介:王相宇,男,1988年出生,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为先进制造技术、智能制造。E-mail:me_wangxy@ujn.edu.cn;仇文豪,男,1992年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为低温切削加工、先进制造技术与装备。E-mail:18366107387@163.com;牛金涛,男,1992年出生,博士,讲师,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为金属增减材加工及表面改性、抛喷丸工艺及装备。E-mail:me_niujt@ujn.edu.cn;刘国梁,男,1990年出生,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为金属高性能切削理论、绿色切削技术及激光表面微织构技术。E-mail:liuguoliang@qut.edu.cn;付秀丽,女,1978年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为高效加工与表面精度控制。E-mail:me_fuxl@ujn.edu.cn;郭培全,男,1963年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为高效加工与先进装备制造。E-mail:oss_guopq@ujn.edu.cn;乔阳(通信作者),男,1984年出生,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为高温合金高效切削加工机理及技术、切削加工过程的有限元建模仿真,智能制造技术、生物医用材料的制备及高性能加工。E-mail:me_qiaoy@ujn.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52005215,52175408)、山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020QE181)和山东省高等学校科技计划(2019KJB021)资助项目。

Simulation and Experimental Study on Temperature in Cryogenic Cutting of Titanium Aluminum Alloy

WANG Xiangyu1, QIU Wenhao1, NIU Jintao1, LIU Guoliang2, FU Xiuli1, GUO Peiquan1, QIAO Yang1   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022;
    2. School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520
  • Received:2023-10-23 Revised:2024-03-14 Online:2024-10-05 Published:2024-11-27

摘要: 钛铝合金具有低密度、高强度、抗氧化与抗高温蠕变等特点,在航空航天工业的应用潜力巨大,但该材料强度高,导热性能差,在切削加工中过高的切削温度导致加工效率低和表面完整性差。对材料进行了静态压缩试验和动态压缩试验,拟合了材料在-196~600 ℃下的本构方程;根据实际冷却条件,定义切削冷却边界,设置对流换热系数,建立了二维直角切削模型,并设计了测温刀片进行了试验验证,液氮低温冷却下的切屑形态与仿真切屑形态具有良好的一致性,试验与仿真得到的切削力和切削温度结果误差较小,说明了构建的钛铝合金低温本构方程和有限元模型具有较高的准确性,仿真得到的切削温度场也具有较高的可信性。结合仿真得到的等效塑性变形、应力场与切削温度场,进一步分析了液氮冷却切削钛铝合金的材料去除机理,发现其由周期性断裂去除向周期性断裂和绝热剪切断裂复合去除转变。

关键词: 钛铝合金, 本构方程, 低温切削, 切削温度, 去除机理

Abstract: Titanium aluminum alloy has the characteristics of low density, high strength, oxidation resistance and high temperature creep resistance, and has great application potential in the aerospace industry.However, the material has high strength and poor thermal conductivity, and the high cutting temperature leads to low processing efficiency and poor surface integrity.The static compression test and dynamic compression test are conducted, and the constitutive equation of the material at -196~600 ℃ was fitted.According to the actual cooling conditions, the cutting cooling boundary is defined, the convective heat transfer coefficient is set, and the two-dimensional right-angle cutting model is established.The cutting insert for temperature measuring is designed for experimental verification.The chip morphology under liquid nitrogen low temperature cooling is in good agreement with the simulated chip morphology.The error of cutting force and cutting temperature obtained between experiment and simulation is small, which indicates that the constructed constitutive equation and finite element model have high accuracy, and the simulated cutting temperature field also has high credibility.Combined with the equivalent plastic deformation, stress field and cutting temperature field obtained by simulation, the material removal mechanism of liquid nitrogen cooling cutting of titanium aluminum alloy is further analyzed, and it is found that it changes from periodic fracture removal to periodic fracture and adiabatic shear fracture composite removal.

Key words: titanium aluminum alloy, constitutive equation, cryogenic cutting, cutting temperature, removal mechanism

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