双抽拉伸载荷对20 mm T型焊接接头疲劳失效行为的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.260403

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 海洋结构物中有大量的T型焊接接头，在服役过程中会受到双轴载荷作用，加之焊接过程引入的缺陷和残余应力，使得这些T型焊接接头成为装备中的薄弱部位。通过对T型焊接接头施加双轴载荷，结合有限元分析和应变测量方法，研究T型焊接接头在双轴载荷作用下焊趾的应力状态、裂纹的萌生位置和扩展方向等失效行为。结果表明：T型焊接接头无论承受何种双轴载荷，应力总会在下焊趾处集中，裂纹也首先在下焊趾处萌生扩展，裂纹的扩展方向为$\theta=\arctan \left(d_1 / d_2 \cdot \sigma_Z \sin ^2 \alpha\right) /\left(d_1 / d_2 \cdot \sigma_Z \sin \alpha \cos \alpha+\sigma_H\right)$；T型焊接接头双轴应力增量比约为3∶1，据此可调整结构物内部T型焊接结构底板和立板上的载荷大小，以达到轻量化设计的目的。

关键词: T型焊接接头, 多轴疲劳, 裂纹扩展方向, 应力状态

Abstract: T-type welded joints are widely used in marine structures and subjected to biaxial loading during service. Welding-induced defects and residual stresses make these joints weak points in equipment. By applying biaxial tensile loads to T-type welded joints and combining finite element analysis with strain measurements, this study investigates failure behaviors including stress states at weld toes, crack initiation locations, and propagation directions under biaxial loading. The results show that:Stress always concentrates at the lower weld toe of T-joints regardless of biaxial loading modes, and cracks first initiate and propagate at the lower weld toe. The crack propagation direction is $\theta=\arctan \left(d_1 / d_2 \cdot \sigma_Z \sin ^2 \alpha\right) /\left(d_1 / d_2 \cdot \sigma_Z \sin \alpha \cos \alpha+\sigma_H\right)$.The biaxial stress increment ratio of T-joints is approximately 3∶1. Based on this, the load magnitudes on base plates and vertical plates of T-joint structures can be adjusted to achieve lightweight design.

Key words: T-type welded joint, multiaxial fatigue, crack propagation direction, stress state

中图分类号:

TG47
TG115

易竺霖, 马江南, 吴泽鹏, 罗先甫, 王泽政. 双抽拉伸载荷对20 mm T型焊接接头疲劳失效行为的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(14): 220-230.

YI Zhulin, MA Jiangnan, WU Zepeng, Luo Xianfu, Wang Zezheng. Effect of Biaxial Tensile Loading on Fatigue Failure Behavior of 20 mm-thick T-type Welded Joints[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(14): 220-230.

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http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I14/220

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