层间停留时间对激光增材成形GH3536合金温度场与沉积质量的影响研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260076

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对激光定向能量沉积薄壁样件在高度方向上温度场和厚度不均匀等问题，开展了层间停留时间对定向能量沉积GH3536样件的温度场及沉积质量的影响研究。通过旁轴红外热成像相机实时监测沉积过程中的温度场，提取熔池长度、熔池最高温度、熔池中心平均温度、热影响层、平均层道冷却速率五个温度场特征，并分析了样件的表面形貌、显微组织、显微硬度和抗拉强度。结果表明：延长层间停留时间能减小熔池长度和热影响层，提升平均层道冷却速率，降低热累积效应，改善样件尺寸精度，降低表面粗糙度，实验样件的侧面粗糙度Ra下降了36.28%。同时，层间停留时间的增加使晶粒组织更细小均匀，显微硬度和抗拉强度随之提高，实验样件的极限抗拉强度提高了9.45%。熔池长度和热影响层的增加与形貌质量和力学性能呈负相关，平均层道冷却速率的增加与形貌质量和力学性能呈正相关。研究为定向能量沉积GH3536性能调控及温度场监测提供依据。

关键词: 定向能量沉积, 温度场, 力学性能, 层间停留时间

Abstract: Focusing on the problems of non-uniform temperature fields and thickness variations along the build direction in thin-walled laser directed energy deposition (LDED) samples, this research investigates the influence of interlayer idle time on the temperature field and quality of GH3536 samples fabricated via DED. The thermal field during the deposition process is monitored in real time using an off-axis infrared thermal imaging camera. Five temperature field features are extracted: length of melt pool, peak temperature of melt pool, average temperature of the central melt pool, heat affected layers, and average cooling rate of layers. Additionally, the surface morphology, microstructure, microhardness, and tensile strength of the samples are analyzed. The results indicate that extending the interlayer idle time can reduce the melt pool length and heat-affected zone, increase the average layer cooling rate, decrease thermal accumulation effect, improve dimensional accuracy, and reduce surface roughness. The side surface roughness Ra of the experimental samples decreased by 36.28%. Meanwhile, an increased interlayer idle time results in a finer and more uniform grain structure, which in turn enhances both the microhardness and tensile strength. The ultimate tensile strength of the experimental samples increased by 9.45%. The increases in melt pool length and heat-affected zone are negatively correlated with the appearance quality and mechanical properties, whereas an increase in the average layer cooling rate shows a positive correlation with both appearance quality and mechanical properties. This study provides a basis for the optimization of process parameters and performance control in the laser directed energy deposition of GH3536 alloy.

Key words: directed energy deposition, thermal field, mechanical property, interlayer idle time

中图分类号:

TG665

王迪, 卫洋, 郑品铸, 田印仟, 杨永强, 周恒, 黎燕文, 张世钦, 韩昌骏. 层间停留时间对激光增材成形GH3536合金温度场与沉积质量的影响研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(3): 146-159.

WANG Di, WEI Yang, ZHENG Pinzhu, TIAN Yinqian, YANG Yongqian, ZHOU Heng, LI Yanwen, ZHANG Shiqin, HAN Changjun. Study on the Influence of Interlayer Idle Time on the Temperature Field and Deposition Quality of GH3536 Alloy Fabricated by Laser Additive Manufacturing[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(3): 146-159.

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