TA2/Al1060/SiC/Al5083陶瓷复合装甲的爆炸焊接及特性

doi:10.3901/JME.260118

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为解决陶瓷复合装甲无法大面积、高质量及低成本制备的问题，利用爆炸焊接技术将SiC及SiC复合板固相封装于TA2飞板与Al5083基板。在构建的可约束防弹陶瓷碎裂的可焊性窗口中，选定爆炸焊接参数区域，利用数值模拟确定了爆炸焊接试验的静态参数，以及分析了陶瓷尺寸、陶瓷与基板的位置关系对焊接界面和陶瓷变形的影响。通过设计的4种复合装甲构型以及可提升材料冲击韧性的试验程序，成功实现了SiC及SiC复合板的固相封装。对焊接后4种构型复合板的陶瓷碎裂程度与特征、力学性能、结合面微观形貌及间隙排气等测试结果分析表明，飞板和基板的拉伸强度、剪切强度及结合界面显微硬度可达到380.02 MPa、143.01 MPa及118.65 HV；陶瓷规格和过渡层可影响爆炸焊接中陶瓷的碎裂及焊接质量；封装的陶瓷会对排气路径产生影响，但不会影响TA2/Al1060/Al5083结合质量以及熔化层和熔化块的成因和成形过程。以上结果证明了爆炸焊接技术可用于陶瓷及陶瓷复合板等硬脆材料的固相封装。

关键词: 爆炸焊接, 陶瓷复合装甲, 陶瓷碎裂, 数值模拟, 性能分析

Abstract: To resolve the challenges in achieving large-area, high-quality, and cost-effective fabrication of ceramic compo-site armor, SiC and SiC composite plates were solid-phase encapsulated using explosive welding technology with TA2 and Al5083. A weldability window was constructed to constrain ce-ramic fracture, and explosive welding parameters were selected within specified ranges determined by numerical simulations to optimize static parameters for welding experiments. Analysis focused on the influence of ceramic dimensions and their positioning relative to base plate on welding interfaces and ceramic deformation. Success-ful solid-phase encapsulation of SiC and SiC composite plates was achieved through the design of four compo-site armor configurations and experimental procedures aimed at enhancing material impact toughness. Testing and analysis of the four welded composite plates included ceramic fracture level and characteristics, mechanical properties, microstructural morphology of welding interfaces, and airflow. Results indicated that tensile strength, shear strength, and microhardness of welding interfaces between flying plate and base plate reached 380.02 MPa, 143.01 MPa, and 118.65 HV, respectively. The ceramic specifications and the interlayer can affect the fracture of ceramic and the welding quality during explosive welding. Although encapsulated ceramics influence the exhaust path, they do not affect the welding quality of the TA2/Al1060/Al5083 composite, nor the formation mechanisms and processes of the melted layer and molten zones. It is demonstrated that explosive welding can be used for the solid-state encapsulation of hard and brittle materials such as ceramic and ceramic composite plate.

Key words: explosive welding, ceramic composite armour, ceramic fracture, numerical simulation, performance analysis

中图分类号:

TG456

蔡永根, 史长根, 吴晓明, 孙泽瑞, 罗绪川. TA2/Al1060/SiC/Al5083陶瓷复合装甲的爆炸焊接及特性[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(4): 203-214.

CAI Yonggen, SHI Changgen, WU Xiaoming, SUN Zerui, LUO Xuchuan. TA2/Al1060/SiC/Al5083 Ceramic Composite Armor: Explosive Welding and Characteristics[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(4): 203-214.

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