3D打印皮质骨仿生结构TC4合金的摩擦学性能

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.11.256

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用直接能量沉积(Directed energy deposition, DED)制备皮质骨仿生结构TC4合金，并利用摩擦与电化学联用的腐蚀磨损测试方法，在PBS磷酸盐缓冲液中研究了该仿生结构TC4合金的摩擦学性能。由于激光扫描间距引起成形过程中冷却速率的差异，仿生结构TC4合金的α/α´相含量随着激光扫描间距的扩大而增加，进而引起平均显微硬度的增加。在体液环境下，相比于致密块体，仿生结构样品除了0.3 N外，均呈现更高的开路电位和更低的摩擦因数。在相同载荷下，仿生结构样品的腐蚀电流密度均低于致密块体的腐蚀电流密度，而且增加载荷进一步扩大两者之间的腐蚀电流密度差，表明仿生结构可以显著提高TC4的耐蚀性。同时，在所有测试的载荷下，仿生结构样品的磨损率均显著低于致密块体TC4。在0.5 N载荷时，仿生结构TC4合金的平均磨损率降低了91%以上。耐蚀性的提高及高硬度带来的高抗变形能力增强了仿生结构TC4的摩擦学性能。所以，增材制造构建的空间结构可望优化材料的微观组织结构，进而显著增强摩擦学性能。

关键词: TC4合金, 增材制造, 仿生结构, 腐蚀磨损, 摩擦学

Abstract: The cortical bone biomimetic structure TC4 alloy is fabricated using the directed energy deposition (DED) technique, and its tribological properties are investigated in a PBS phosphate buffer solution employing a combined tribo-electrochemical corrosion and wear test method. Because the laser scanning distance during the forming process resulted in distinct variations in the microstructure, the biomimetic TC4 alloy exhibited an increased content of α/αx phases with the expansion of the laser scanning distance, consequently leading to a higher average microhardness. In the presence of body fluid, the biomimetic structure samples demonstrated superior open circuit potential and lower friction coefficient, except for 0.3 N. Under the same load, the corrosion current density of the biomimetic structure sample is lower than that of the dense block, and the difference of the corrosion current density between the two kinds of samples is enlarged with the increase of the load, indicating that the biomimetic structure significantly improves the corrosion resistance of TC4. Meanwhile, under all tested loads, the wear rate of the biomimetic structure sample was significantly lower than that of the dense block TC4. Remarkably, at a load of 0.5 N, the average wear rate of the biomimetic structure TC4 alloy reduced by over 91%. This improvement in corrosion resistance and heightened deformation resistance, resulting from increased hardness, contributed to the enhanced tribological performance of the biomimetic structure TC4 alloy. Hence, it is evident that the additive manufacturing processed space structure induces the optimization of the microstructure, subsequently significantly its tribological properties.

Key words: TC4 alloy, additive manufacturing, bionic, tribo-corrosion, tribology

中图分类号:

TG146

王进华, 王奉涛, 戴厚富, 纪秀林. 3D打印皮质骨仿生结构TC4合金的摩擦学性能[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(11): 256-265.

WANG Jinhua, WANG Fengtao, DAI Houfu, JI Xiulin. Tribological Properties of TC4 Alloy with 3D Printed Cortical Bone Biomimetic Structure[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(11): 256-265.

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