热气弹多场耦合下航空发动机弹性箔片柱面气膜密封热效应影响研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.11.244

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于气体动力润滑理论和传热学，考虑气体黏温热效应和箔片弹性变形建立了航空发动机箔片柱面气膜密封热气弹多场耦合理论分析模型，研究了气膜温度场与速度场分布规律及工况参数对最高气膜温度的作用规律，探究了黏温热效应对密封压力场的影响规律及高温下密封性能变化的作用机理。结果表明：当箔片柱面气膜密封在高速条件下运行时，因气体搅拌热的作用，气膜温度显著提高，最大温差超过400℃，且高温下黏性力作用更显著，气膜压力增大了13.8%；最高气膜温度主要位于沿膜厚方向的径向中间层，高温区集中于最小膜厚区域，整体表现出较强对称性；在参数研究范围内，转速与偏心率增大导致气膜温度上升25.7%，但气膜温度随进口压力的上升降低了18.2%；高温下弹性箔片柱面气膜密封的气膜浮升力与摩擦转矩分别增大了33.1%和51%，质量泄漏率与偏位角分别减小了62.5%和25.7%。

关键词: 柱面气膜密封, 弹性箔片, 热效应, 热气弹多场耦合, 密封性能

Abstract: Based on gas dynamic lubrication and heat transfer theory, the theoretical analysis model for aero thermoelastic multi-field coupling of compliant foil cylindrical gas film seal used in aero-engine is established by considering the viscosity-temperature effect and foil elasticity deformation. The distribution law of the film temperature, velocity field, and the working condition parameters' role in the maximum film temperature are studied. The influence law of the viscosity-temperature effect on the pressure field and the role of the mechanism of sealing performance changes at high temperatures are explored. The results indicate that when the foil cylindrical gas film seal is operated at high speed, the film temperature increases significantly due to the effect of gas stirring heat, the maximum temperature difference is more than 400℃, and the impact of viscous force is more significant at high temperature, the film pressure increases by 13.8%; the highest film temperature is mainly located in the radial intermediate layer along the direction of the film thickness, and high temperature area is concentrated in the region of the minimum film thickness, the overall performance of the symmetry is stronger; within the range of the parameters, the increase of rotational speed and eccentricity leads to the rise of film temperature by 25.7%, but the film temperature decreases by 18.2% with the rise in inlet pressure; the film floating force and friction torque at high temperatures increase by 33.1% and 51%, respectively, and the mass leakage rate and the eccentricity angle decrease by 62.5% and 25.7%, respectively.

Key words: cylindrical gas film seal, compliant foil, thermal effect, aero thermoelastic multi-field coupling, sealing performance

中图分类号:

TH117

陈源, 陈隆, 彭旭东, 赵厚锐, 王丹, 李运堂, 王冰清. 热气弹多场耦合下航空发动机弹性箔片柱面气膜密封热效应影响研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(11): 244-255.

CHEN Yuan, CHEN Long, PENG Xudong, ZHAO Hourui, WANG Dan, LI Yuntang, WANG Bingqing. The Influence of Thermal Effects on Compliant Foil Cylindrical Gas Film Seal in Aero-engine under the Thermal-aero-elastic Coupling Model[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(11): 244-255.

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