混合陶瓷球轴承的热混合润滑性能分析

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.15.205

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 轴承工业将陶瓷用于航空、机床主轴等极端条件，为研究混合陶瓷球轴承的混合润滑机制，在拟静力学建模及分析的基础上，基于平均流量模型，建立了混合陶瓷角接触球轴承的热混合润滑模型，采用膜厚比与粗糙峰接触载荷比相结合的方法判断各滚动体的润滑状态，并研究了热效应、接触角和环境黏度对混合润滑性能的影响。结果表明：热条件下的油膜厚度、平均摩擦系数要比等温条件下的小。与钢制轴承相比，混合陶瓷球轴承的接触工况更好，更适合在高速条件工作；当λ <1且L_a>4.6%，接触副处于边界润滑状态；当λ ≥ 1且L_a ≤ 4.6%，接触副处于混合润滑状态。单一滚动体-套圈接触不能全面反映轴承的润滑性能，需要基于拟静力学进行多个滚动体的混合润滑分析，以准确判断轴承的混合润滑性能。存在一合适的接触角，使得角接触球轴承的混合润滑性能最佳。润滑油环境黏度越高，平均摩擦系数越小，润滑状态由边界润滑向混合润滑过渡。较钢制球轴承，混合陶瓷球轴承可以减小摩擦系数，但会增大粗糙峰接触载荷。

关键词: 混合润滑, 拟静力学, 混合陶瓷球轴承, 热效应

Abstract: The bearing industry uses ceramics in extreme conditions such as aviation and machine tool spindles. To investigate the mixed lubrication performance of hybrid ceramic ball bearings, on the basis of quasi static modeling and analysis, and on the average flow model, a thermal mixed lubrication model of hybrid ceramic angular contact ball bearings is established. Combining the film thickness ratio with asperity contact load ratio, the lubrication state of rolling element is determined, and effects of thermal effect, contact angle and ambient viscosity on lubrication performance is studied. The results show that the oil film thickness and average friction coefficient under thermal conditions are smaller than those under isothermal conditions. Compared with steel bearings, hybrid ceramic ball bearings have better contact conditions, which are suitable for high speed condition; When λ < 1 and L_a> 4.6%, the contact pair is in boundary lubrication state; When λ ≥ 1 and L_a ≤ 4.6%, the contact pair is in mixed lubrication state. A single rolling element-ring contact cannot fully reflect the lubrication performance of the bearing. It is necessary to conduct mixed lubrication analysis of multiple rolling elements based on quasi static to accurately judge the mixed lubrication performance of the bearing. There is a suitable contact angle, which makes the mixed lubrication performance of angular contact ball bearings the best. The higher the ambient viscosity of lubricating oil is, the smaller the average friction coefficient is, and the lubrication state transits from boundary lubrication to mixed lubrication. Compared with steel bearings, hybrid ceramic ball bearings can reduce friction coefficient, but increase asperity contact load.

Key words: mixed lubrication, quasi-statics, hybrid ceramic ball bearings, thermal effect

中图分类号:

TH117

朱鹏娟, 刘晓玲, 周亚林, 何文卓, 郭峰. 混合陶瓷球轴承的热混合润滑性能分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(15): 205-215.

ZHU Pengjuan, LIU Xiaoling, ZHOU Yalin, HE Wenzhuo, GUO Feng. Analysis of Thermal Mixed Lubrication Performance in Hybrid Ceramic Ball Bearings[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(15): 205-215.

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