考虑系统变形的电驱动桥齿轮啮合效率研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2023.03.066

机械工程学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (3): 66-75.doi: 10.3901/JME.2023.03.066

扫码分享

考虑系统变形的电驱动桥齿轮啮合效率研究

王钦, 贺迪, 桂良进, 范子杰

清华大学车辆与运载学院汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室北京 100084

收稿日期:2022-03-18 修回日期:2022-08-17 出版日期:2023-02-05 发布日期:2023-04-23
通讯作者: 范子杰(通信作者),男,1958年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为汽车结构分析、优化设计及CAE方法。E-mail:zjfan@tsinghua.edu.cn
作者简介:王钦,男,1994年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为驱动桥系统建模与传动效率分析。E-mail:wangq17@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn
基金资助:
校企合作(20192002040)资助项目。

Study of Gear Meshing Efficiency of Electric Drive Axle with Considering System Deformation

WANG Qin, HE Di, GUI Liangji, FAN Zijie

State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084

Received:2022-03-18 Revised:2022-08-17 Online:2023-02-05 Published:2023-04-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 传动效率是电驱动桥重要性能指标之一,实际使用条件下,由于齿轮、轴、轴承以及壳体等部件的负载变形,齿轮副之间存在啮合错位。为了准确预测电驱动桥传动系的啮合效率,提出了一种考虑系统变形的电驱动桥齿轮啮合效率计算方法。首先基于传动系等效啮合模型,计算不同载荷工况下传动系每个齿轮副之间的啮合错位量,采用考虑摩擦的齿轮加载接触分析方法(FLTCA)和混合润滑摩擦系数模型对齿轮副的齿面接触力和齿面摩擦系数分布进行计算,得到系统功率损失及啮合效率。然后,与商用有限元软件计算结果进行对比,验证了计算方法的准确性。最后,针对不同载荷工况和不同转速分析了考虑和不考虑系统变形的系统啮合效率,结果表明:随着转矩的增加,系统变形增大,齿轮副之间的错位量增加,导致齿轮副之间发生偏载,齿面摩擦系数增加,系统啮合效率呈下降趋势。

关键词: 电驱动桥, 系统变形, 错位量, 混合润滑, 啮合效率, 齿轮加载接触分析

Abstract: Transmission efficiency is one of the important performance indicators of the electric drive axle. In actual working conditions, there is a meshing misalignment between gear pairs due to the load deformation of gears, shafts, bearings and housings. In order to accurately predict the meshing efficiency of the electric drive axle, this research proposed a calculation method of the electric drive axle gear meshing efficiency considering the system deformation. First, based on the equivalent meshing model of the drive train, the meshing misalignment between each gear pair in the system under different load conditions is calculated, and the friction-based loaded tooth contact analysis method (FLTCA) and the mixed lubrication friction coefficient model are used to analyze the system. The tooth surface contact force and the tooth surface friction coefficient distribution are calculated, and the system power loss and meshing efficiency are obtained. Then, under the condition of constant friction coefficient, the calculation results of commercial finite element software are compared to verify the accuracy of the calculation results. Finally, the meshing efficiency of the system with and without considering the system deformation is analyzed for different load conditions and different speeds. The results show that as the torque increases, the system deformation increases, and the amount of misalignment between gear pairs increases, which in turn leads to an eccentric load occurs between the gear pairs, the friction coefficient of the tooth surface increases, and the meshing efficiency of the system shows a downward trend.

Key words: electric drive axle, system deformation, misalignments, mixed EHL, meshing efficiency, loaded tooth contact analysis

中图分类号:

TG156

王钦, 贺迪, 桂良进, 范子杰. 考虑系统变形的电驱动桥齿轮啮合效率研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(3): 66-75.

WANG Qin, HE Di, GUI Liangji, FAN Zijie. Study of Gear Meshing Efficiency of Electric Drive Axle with Considering System Deformation[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(3): 66-75.

参考文献

[1] 姚建初,陈义保,周济,等. 齿轮传动啮合效率计算方法的研究[J]. 机械工程学报,2001,37(11):18-21
YAO Jianchu,CHEN Yibao,ZHOU Ji,et al. Study on a method for calculating gearing meshing efficiency[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2001,37(11):18-21.
[2] XU Hai. Development of a generalized mechanical efficiency prediction methodology for gear pairs[D]. Ohio:The Ohio State University,2005.
[3] 肖乾,王丹红,陈道云,等. 考虑齿间滑动影响的高速列车传动齿轮动态接触特性分析[J]. 机械工程学报,2021,57(10):87-94.
XIAO Qian,WANG Danhong,CHEN Daoyun,et al. Analysis of dynamic contact characteristics of high-speed train transmission gear considering the influence of sliding between the teeth[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2021,57(10):87-94.
[4] 王斌,陈辛波. 混合润滑状态下渐开线直齿轮啮合效率分析[J]. 同济大学学报,2014,42(12):1904-1911.
WANG B,CHEN X B. Analysis of meshing efficiency of involute spur gears based on mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication[J]. Journal of Tongji University,2014,42(12):1904-1911.
[5] XU H,KAHRAMAN A,ANDERSON N E,et al. Prediction of mechanical efficiency of parallel-axis gear pairs[J]. Transaction of the Asme Journal of Mechanical Design,2007,129(1):58-68.
[6] GEVIGNEY J D D,VILLE F,CHANGENET C,et al. Tooth friction losses in internal gears:Analytical formulation and applications to planetary gears[J]. Proceedings of the institution of mechanical engineers,Part J:Journal of Engineering Tribology,2013,227(5):476-485.
[7] TALBOT D C,KAHRAMAN A,SINGH A. An experimental investigation of the efficiency of planetary gear sets[J]. Journal of Mechanical Design, Transactions of the ASME,2012,134(2):021003-1-7.
[8] WANG X,XIANG C,LI C,et al. Effect of roughness on meshing power loss of planetary gear set considering elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication[J]. Advances in Mechanical Engineering,2020,12(2):1-12.
[9] DIEZ-IBARBIA A,FERNANDEZ-DEL-RINCON A,GARCIA P,et al. Assessment of load dependent friction coefficients and their influence on spur gears efficiency[J]. Meccanica,2018,53:425-445
[10] BAGLIONI S,CIANETTI F,LANDI L. Influence of the addendum modification on spur gear efficiency[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory,2012,49:216-223
[11] CASTRO J,SEABRA J. Coefficient of friction in mixed film lubrication:gears versus twin-discs[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part J:Journal of Engineering Tribology,2007,221(3):399-411.
[12] FENG Z,WANG S,LIM T C,et al. Enhanced friction model for high-speed right-angle gear dynamics[J]. Journal of mechanical science and technology,2011,25(11):2741-2753.
[13] 田程,周驰,桂良进,等. 考虑轴承刚度耦合性和非线性的多支撑轴系有限元分析方法[J]. 机械工程学报,2015,51(17):90-95.
TIAN Cheng,ZHOU Chi,GUI Liangjin,et al. Method of finite element analysis for multi-support shaft system based on the coupling and nonlinearity of bearing stiffness[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(17):90-95.
[14] ZHOU C,WANG Q,GUI L,et al. A numerical method for calculating the misalignments of planetary gears[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part D Journal of Automobile Engineering,2018,233(10):2624-2636.
[15] ZHOU C,CHEN C,GUI L,et al. A nonlinear multi-point meshing model of spur gears for determining the face load factor[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory,2018,126:210-224.
[16] ZHOU C,WANG Q,DING W,et al. Numerical simulation of drive axles considering the nonlinear couplings between gears and bearings[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part D:Journal of Automobile Engineering,2019,233(4):851-861.
[17] 袁冰,常山,刘更,等. 大齿宽齿轮耦合转子系统准静态接触分析及动态特性[J]. 机械工程学报,2020,56(3):96-105.
YUAN Bing,CHANG Shan,LIU Geng,et al. Quasi-static contact and dynamic behaviors analysis of wide-faced gear coupled with rotor system[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2020,56(3):96-105.
[18] 杨超. 基于啮合错位的复合行星变速器齿轮接触和动态特性研究[D]. 北京:机械科学研究总院,2019.
YANG Chao. Research on contact characteristics& dynamics of the composite planetary transmission based on meshing deviation error[D]. Beijing:China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology,2019.
[19] CAO Z,SHAO Y,ZUO M J,et al. Dynamic and quasi-static modeling of planetary gear set considering carrier misalignment error and varying line of action along tooth width[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part C:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,2015,229(8):1348-1360.
[20] DAVID C,TALBOT,KAHRAMAN A,et al. An experimental investigation of the efficiency of planetary gear sets[J]. Journal of Mechanical Design,2012,134(2):21003-21003.
[21] TALBOT D C. An experimental and theoretical investigation of the efficiency of planetary gear sets[D]. The Ohio State University,2012.
[22] 周驰,王琪,丁炜琦,等. 输入转矩对驱动桥系统动力学特性的影响[J]. 机械工程学报,2016,52(2):134-143.
ZHOU Chi, WANG Qi, DING Weiqi, et al. Dynamics of drive axle system with effects of input torque[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(2):134-143.
[23] LI S. Effects of misalignment error,tooth modifications and transmitted torque on tooth engagements of a pair of spur gears[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory,2015,83:125-136.
[24] 王琪,周驰,桂良进,等. 准双曲面齿轮LTCA弯曲变形约束方法[J]. 航空动力报,2017,32(11):2800-2807.
WANG Qi,ZHOU Chi,GUI Liangjin,et al. Constraint method of calculating tooth bending deformation of hypoid gears in LTCA[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power,2017,32(11):2800-2807.
[25] WILCOX L,CHIMNER T D,NOWELL G C. Improved finite element model for calculating stresses in bevel and hypoid gear teeth[R]. AGMA Technical Paper,1997:97FTM05.
[26] LI S,KAHRAMAN A. Prediction of spur gear mechanical power losses using a transient elastohydrodynamic lubrication model[J]. Tribology Transactions,2010,53(4):554-563.
[27] HAMMAMI M,MARTINS R,ABBES M S,et al. Axle gear oils:friction behaviour under mixed and boundary lubrication regimes[J]. Tribology International,2017,116:47-57.

考虑系统变形的电驱动桥齿轮啮合效率研究

Study of Gear Meshing Efficiency of Electric Drive Axle with Considering System Deformation

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 14

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	陈守安, 肖科, 程功, 韩彦峰. 混合润滑下考虑表面形貌的齿面摩擦与接触特性[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(7): 184-194.
[2]	纪佳馨, 彭程, 项冲, 黄乐, 郭飞. 考虑变速条件的斯特封磨损寿命预测方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(3): 191-202.
[3]	朱鹏娟, 刘晓玲, 周亚林, 何文卓, 郭峰. 混合陶瓷球轴承的热混合润滑性能分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(15): 205-215.
[4]	冯彦, 邱卓一, 史修江, 卢熙群, 孙文, 华德良, 孙焕. 考虑真实粗糙表面的燃机球轴承磨损与混合润滑耦合机理[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(21): 330-340.
[5]	王成. 2K-H型封闭式周转轮系功率流与传动效率计算[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(13): 59-67.
[6]	郑良焱, 朱汉华, 范世东, 熊庭, 马晶宁, 吴洁, 江攀. 计入应力偶效应的滑动轴承热流体混合润滑研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(10): 290-300.
[7]	吴正海, 徐颖强, 刘楷安, 陈智勇. 脂润滑点接触副混合润滑模型研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(1): 145-153.
[8]	王超, 孔俊超, 王伟. 考虑软三体接触的粗糙界面混合润滑模型研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(21): 113-119.
[9]	郭飞;贾晓红;黄乐;王玉明. 旋转轴唇形密封混合润滑理论模型和试验验证[J]. , 2014, 50(3): 137-144.
[10]	魏立队;魏海军;段树林;武起立;李精明. 基于机体与曲轴耦合下的船舶柴油机主轴承热弹性流体动力混合润滑特性[J]. , 2014, 50(13): 97-105.
[11]	赵一民;胡纪滨;吴维;苑士华. 螺旋槽旋转密封环润滑状态转变预测[J]. , 2013, 49(9): 75-80.
[12]	雒建斌;刘珊;潘国顺;温诗铸. 纳米级混合润滑研究[J]. , 2003, 39(2): 1-7.
[13]	姚建初;陈义保;周济;余俊. 齿轮传动啮合效率计算方法的研究[J]. , 2001, 37(11): 18-21，2.
[14]	胡元中;郑林床. 粗糙平面滑块油膜形成能力的研究[J]. , 1988, 24(4): 74-75.