不同烧结温度对粘结剂喷射增材制造Ni-Mn-Ga合金的马氏体相变和磁性能影响研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.09.157

摘要/Abstract

摘要： Ni-Mn-Ga磁性形状记忆合金具有多功能特性，但因其存在固有脆性，传统机械加工方法难以将其成形为复杂形状，极大程度限制了其应用。使用粘结剂喷射增材制造技术制备了焊性差的Ni-Mn-Ga合金生坯，对比了1 193～1 323 K不同烧结温度下，零件的致密化、成分、显微组织、相变特性及磁性能。结果表明，烧结温度对合金成分的影响小，合金在室温下为均一的L2₁有序奥氏体结构；随着烧结温度的增加，零件的致密度从56.8%增加到85.9%、线性收缩率从0.5%增加到17.8%，同时，伴随着相变温度的降低、相变宽度及相变滞后的增大。1.5 T磁场下，在1 223 K烧结8 h的优选试样中获得了最高74.4 A·m²/kg的饱和磁化强度，达到了传统方法制备的Ni-Mn-Ga合金的水平，系当前增材制造研究报道的最高值。本研究为粘结剂喷射成形功能性、形状复杂的Ni-Mn-Ga合金器件提供了重要技术参考。

关键词: Ni-Mn-Ga磁性形状记忆合金, 粘结剂喷射增材制造, 烧结温度, 马氏体相变, 磁性能

Abstract: Ni-Mn-Ga magnetic shape memory alloys possess multifunctional properties. Nevertheless, the intrinsic brittleness of Ni-Mn-Ga alloys greatly limits their capability to be manufactured into complex shapes in order to meet practical use, by employing traditional mechanical processing methods. “Hard-to-weld” Ni-Mn-Ga green parts are prepared by using binder jetting additive manufacturing (BJAM) technique. Densification, compositions, microstructures, martensitic transformation (MT) behaviours, and magnetic properties of parts sintered at 1 193 ～ 1 323 K are investigated. The sintering temperatures have negligible effect on the chemical composition, and a homogeneous L2₁-ordered austenite structure is identified in all sintered samples at room temperature; The relative density and linear shrinkage rate of the final parts increases from 56.8% to 85.9% and 0.5% to 17.8%, respectively, meanwhile, a decrease of MT temperatures, and an increase of MT width and hysteresis are characterized, as the increase of sintering temperatures. A maximum saturation magnetization of 74.4 A·m²/kg is achieved under 1.5 T in the preferred sample sintered at 1 223 K for 8 h, which reaches the level of Ni-Mn-Ga alloys prepared by traditional methods, and is the highest value reported in current literatures of additive manufactured counterparts as well. This work provides an important technical reference for BJAM of functional Ni-Mn-Ga alloy devices with complex shape.

Key words: Ni-Mn-Ga magnetic shape memory alloys, binder jetting additive manufacturing (BJAM), sintering temperature, Martensitic transformation (MT), magnetic property

中图分类号:

TG139

申昕昕, 钱明芳, 张学习, 孙良博, 耿林. 不同烧结温度对粘结剂喷射增材制造Ni-Mn-Ga合金的马氏体相变和磁性能影响研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(9): 157-167.

SHEN Xinxin, QIAN Mingfang, ZHANG Xuexi, SUN Liangbo, GENG Lin. Effect of Sintering Temperatures on Martensitic Transformation and Magnetic Properties of Ni-Mn-Ga Alloys Prepared through Binder Jetting Additive Manufacturing[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(9): 157-167.

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