等比添加Co、Cu元素对FeCrNi合金纳米摩擦学性能及变形机理的影响研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.11.266

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (11): 266-278.doi: 10.3901/JME.2025.11.266

• 摩擦学 • 上一篇

扫码分享

等比添加Co、Cu元素对FeCrNi合金纳米摩擦学性能及变形机理的影响研究

程巍¹, 詹荔², 刘秀波¹, 周安¹, 李明曦³, 贺泊铭¹, 陈国栋¹

1. 中南林业科技大学材料表界面科学与技术湖南省重点实验室长沙 410004;
2. 南昌理工学院航天航空学院南昌 330044;
3. 湖南省农业装备研究所长沙 410125

收稿日期:2024-06-08 修回日期:2024-12-23 发布日期:2025-07-12
作者简介:程巍，男，2000年出生。主要研究方向为表面工程与摩擦学。E-mail：chengwei0858@163.com;刘秀波(通信作者)，男，1968年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为表面工程与摩擦学。E-mail：liuxiubosz@163.com;李明曦，男，1989年出生，硕士，助理研究员。主要研究方向为热喷涂技术在农机关键零部件表面的耐磨耐蚀应用。E-mail：327692776@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52075559)、湖南省重点研发计划(2022GK2030)、湖南省农业科技创新资金(2023CX53)和中南林业科技大学研究生科技创新基金(2023CX02066,2023CX02076,2024CX02004)资助项目。

Effect of Adding Co and Cu Elements in Equal Proportion on Nano Tribological Properties and Deformation Mechanism of FeCrNi Alloy

CHENG Wei¹, ZHAN Li², LIU Xiubo¹, ZHOU An¹, LI Mingxi³, HE Boming¹, CHEN Guodong¹

1. Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Materials Surface/Interface Science & Technology, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha 410004;
2. School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330044;
3. Agriculture Equipment Institute of Hunan, Changsha 410125

Received:2024-06-08 Revised:2024-12-23 Published:2025-07-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用分子动力学模拟和纳米划痕验证相结合的方法研究了FeCrNi (C1)、FeCoCrNi (C2)及FeCoCrNiCu (C3)三种合金在纳米摩擦过程中表面形貌、磨损原子数目、位错、剪切应变、摩擦力及摩擦系数等差异，进一步分析了等比添加Co、Cu元素对FeCrNi合金的纳米摩擦学性能及变形机理的影响。结果表明：三种合金摩擦产生的磨痕两侧会出现不对称的原子堆积，表明在摩擦过程中存在塑性形变和弹性恢复两种变形机制；纳米硬度大小关系为C2>C3>C1，由于纳米硬度和显微硬度测量时压头对位错的覆盖面不同，导致与显微硬度大小关系存在差异；C3合金HCP相分数最大，C2合金次之，C1合金最小，表明添加Co、Cu元素可以改变合金的原子间距、晶格常数和晶格畸变等参数，从而调节FCC相结构的稳定性，抑制FCC相结构向HCP结构的转变；多晶合金晶界影响合金位错生长和分布，C1合金位错受晶界影响很难突破晶界生长，因而在亚表面形核并沿着磨球滑动方向扩散；C2合金位错主要围绕晶界生长，C3合金位错主要分布在合金晶界处和磨痕亚表面。

关键词: FeCrNi合金, 纳米摩擦学性能, 分子动力学模拟, 纳米划痕

Abstract: The surface morphology, number of wear atoms, dislocation, shear strain, friction force, and friction coefficient of FeCrNi (C1), FeCoCrNi (C2), and FeCoCrNiCu (C3) alloys are studied by molecular dynamics simulation and nanoscratch verification. The effects of adding Co and Cu elements in equal proportion on the tribological properties and deformation mechanism of FeCrNi alloy are further analyzed. The results show that asymmetric atomic accumulation occurs on both sides of the friction marks of the three alloys, indicating that there are two deformation mechanisms: plastic deformation and elastic recovery. The relationship between nano hardness and microhardness is C2>C3>C1. Due to the different coverage of the indenter to the dislocation during the measurement of nano hardness and microhardness, the relationship between nano hardness and microhardness is different. The HCP phase fraction of C3 alloy is the largest, followed by C2 alloy and C1 alloy is the smallest, which indicates that adding Co and Cu elements can change the atomic distance, lattice constant, and lattice distortion of the alloy, thereby regulating the stability of FCC phase structure and inhibiting the transition from FCC phase structure to HCP structure. The dislocation distribution of polycrystalline alloys can be affected by grain boundaries. The dislocation growth and distribution of polycrystalline alloy are affected by grain boundaries. The dislocation of C1 alloy is difficult to break through the grain boundaries, so it nucleates on the subsurface and spreads along the sliding direction of the grinding ball. The dislocation of C2 alloy mainly grows around the grain boundary, and the dislocation of C3 alloy mainly distributes at the grain boundary and the wear subsurface.

Key words: FeCrNi alloy, nano-tribological properties, molecular dynamics simulation, nanoscratch

中图分类号:

TG156

程巍, 詹荔, 刘秀波, 周安, 李明曦, 贺泊铭, 陈国栋. 等比添加Co、Cu元素对FeCrNi合金纳米摩擦学性能及变形机理的影响研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(11): 266-278.

CHENG Wei, ZHAN Li, LIU Xiubo, ZHOU An, LI Mingxi, HE Boming, CHEN Guodong. Effect of Adding Co and Cu Elements in Equal Proportion on Nano Tribological Properties and Deformation Mechanism of FeCrNi Alloy[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(11): 266-278.

参考文献

[1] MARENYCH O，KOSTRYZHEV A. Strengthening mechanisms in nickel-copper alloys：A review[J]. Metals，2020，10(10)：1358.
[2] 张素梅，刘轩羽，温小萍，等. 水基纳米液压液抗磨减摩特性的分子动力学模拟[J]. 润滑与密封，2021，46(9)：120-127. ZHANG Sumei，LIU Xuanyu，WEN Xiaoping，et al. Molecular dynamics simulation of anti-wear and anti-friction properties of water-based nano-hydraulic Fluids [J]. Lubrication & Seals，2021，46(9)：120-127.
[3] XIE L，WU G，PENG Q，et al. An atomistic study on grain-size and temperature effects on mechanical properties of polycrystal CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys[J]. Materials Today Communications，2023，37：107264.
[4] CAO T，ZHANG Q，WANG L，et al. Dynamic deformation behaviors and mechanisms of CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys[J]. Acta Materialia，2023，260：119343.
[5] LI X G，CHEN C，ZHENG H，et al. Complex strengthening mechanisms in the NbMoTaW multi-principal element alloy[J]. Npj Computational Materials，2020，6(1)：70.
[6] LI J，DONG L，DONG X，et al. Study on wear behavior of FeNiCrCoCu high entropy alloy coating on Cu substrate based on molecular dynamics[J]. Applied Surface Science，2021，570：151236.
[7] FAN Y，JIN G，CUI X，et al. Effect of Nb and CeO₂ on the mechanical and tribology properties of Co-based cladding coatings[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology，2016，288：25-29.
[8] LI D，ZHANG Z，CUI X，et al. Effect of graphite/CeO2 on microstructure and tribological property of plasma cladded Co-based coatings[J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics，2022，280：125756.
[9] WANG W，HUA D，LUO D，et al. Molecular dynamics simulation of deformation mechanism of CoCrNi medium entropy alloy during nanoscratching[J]. Computational Materials Science，2022，203：111085.
[10] 王权，庄宿国，刘秀波，等. 铜镍合金滑动摩擦学行为的分子动力学模拟[J]. 摩擦学学报，2023，43(9)：1046-1054. WANG Quan，ZHUANG Suguo，LIU Xiubo，et al. Molecular dynamics simulation of sliding tribological behavior of copper-nickel alloys [J]. Tribology，2019，43(9)：1046-1054.
[11] ZHOU A，LIU X B，WANG Q，et al. Investigation of nano-tribological behaviors and deformation mechanisms of Cu-Ni alloy by molecular dynamics simulation[J]. Tribology International，2023，180：108258.
[12] MEGHWAL A，ANUPAM A，LUZIN V，et al. Multiscale mechanical performance and corrosion behaviour of plasma sprayed AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy coatings[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds，2021，854：157140.
[13] ZEGZULKA J，GELNAR D，JEZERSKA L，et al. Characterization and flowability methods for metal powders[J]. Scientific Reports，2020，10(1)：21004.
[14] XING X，LIU Y，HU J，et al. Effect of Al content on microstructure and wear properties of FeCrNiMnAlx high-entropy alloys[J]. Materials Research Express，2022，9(3)：036510.
[15] WANG J，ZHANG B，YU Y，et al. Study of high temperature friction and wear performance of (CoCrFeMnNi)85Ti15 high-entropy alloy coating prepared by plasma cladding[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology，2020，384：125337.
[16] DOAN D Q，NGUYEN V H，TRAN T V，et al. Atomic-scale analysis of mechanical and wear characteristics of AlCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy coating on Ni substrate[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes，2023，85：1010-1023.
[17] WU N，LIU D，ZHONG M，et al. Analysis of crystal structure transition of polycrystalline 3C-SiC in nanocrystalline grinding based on molecular dynamics simulation[J]. Solid State Ionics，2023，399：116297.
[18] LIU H，DONG H，TANG J，et al. Numerical modeling and experimental verification of surface roughness of 12Cr2Ni4A alloy steel generated by shot peening[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology，2021，422：127538.
[19] WANG J，SHI J，LU Y，et al. Deformation evolution of Cu/Ta nanoscale multilayer during nanoindentation by a molecular dynamics study[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology，2022，441：128562.
[20] LIU C，ZHUANG Z，CHEN J，et al. Atomic-scale investigation of Pt composition on deformation mechanism of AuPt alloy during nano-scratching process[J]. Surfaces and Interfaces，2023，40：103126.
[21] MA Z，XIA C，ZHONG H，et al. Microstructure，mechanical property and corrosion resistance of FeCoCrNi-M high-entropy alloy coatings on 6061 aluminum alloy prepared by laser cladding[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology，2023，455：129217.
[22] TAN M，GAO T，XIAO Q，et al. Cascade mechanism and mechanical property of the dislocation loop formation in GaN twin crystal-induced crystallization[J]. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing，2022，142：106468.
[23] DELUIGI O R，PASIANOT R C，VALENCIA F J，et al. Simulations of primary damage in a high entropy alloy：Probing enhanced radiation resistance[J]. Acta Materialia，2021，213：116951.
[24] HUA D，ZHOU Q，SHI Y，et al. Revealing the deformation mechanisms of ‘110’ symmetric tilt grain boundaries in CoCrNi medium-entropy alloy[J]. International Journal of Plasticity，2023，171：103832.
[25] CARROLL L J，CABET C，CARROLL M C，et al. The development of microstructural damage during high temperature creep-fatigue of a nickel alloy[J]. International Journal of Fatigue，2013，47：115-125.
[26] ZHANG Y，ZHANG L，LIU M，et al. Understanding the friction and wear of KDP crystals by nanoscratching[J]. Wear，2015，332-333：900-906.
[27] BOHER C，VIDAL V，CABROL E，et al. Shear mode M3 in the first sites of ductile metallic alloys：Some considerations on the physical mechanisms leading to internal particle flows[J]. Wear，2019，426-427：1152-1162.
[28] ZHU Z，WANG H，QIANG Z，et al. Molecular dynamics study on nano-friction and wear mechanism of nickel-based polycrystalline superalloy coating[J]. Coatings，2021，11(8)：896.
[29] HUNG C Y，BAI Y，SHIMOKAWA T，et al. A correlation between grain boundary character and deformation twin nucleation mechanism in coarse-grained high-Mn austenitic steel[J]. Scientific Reports，2021，11(1)：8468.
[30] CHEN T，DONG L，YI J，et al. Effect of Nanoindentation temperature on plastic deformation of 3C-SiC based on the molecular dynamics method[J]. Journal of Nanomaterials，2022，2022：1-9.
[31] WANG C，TRACY C L，PARK S，et al. Phase transformations of Al-bearing high-entropy alloys AlxCoCrFeNi (x = 0，0.1，0.3，0.75，1.5) at high pressure[J]. Applied Physics Letters，2019，114(9)：091902.
[32] SHIMIZU F，OGATA S，LI J. Theory of shear banding in metallic glasses and molecular dynamics calculations[J]. Materials Transactions，2007，48(11)：2923-2927.
[33] 百晓丹，陈逊，马运柱，等. 极端应变率下钨孔洞演化及其力学响应的分子动力学模拟[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程，2020，25(4)：288-295. BAI Xiaodan，CHEN Xun，MA Yunzhu，et al. Molecular dynamics simulation of pore evolution and mechanical response of Tungsten at extreme strain rates [J]. Powder Metallurgy Materials Science and Engineering，2020，25(4)：288-295.
[34] MISHRA D K，MERAJ MD，BADJENA S K，et al. Structural evolution and dislocation behaviour study during nanoindentation of Mo₂₀W₂₀Co₂₀Ta₂₀Zr₂₀ high entropy alloy coated Ni single crystal using molecular dynamic simulation[J]. Molecular Simulation，2019，45(7)：572-584.
[35] 张先源. 单晶氮化镓纳米压痕与划痕实验[J]. 材料科学与工程学报，2021，39(6)：1028-1034. ZHANG Xianyuan. Nanoindentation and scratch experiment of single crystal Gallium nitride [J]. Journal of Materials Science and Engineering，2021，39(6)：1028-1034.
[36] 崔杰，杨晓京，李云龙，等. 基于纳米压痕与纳米划痕实验的单晶硅超精密切削特性研究[J]. 人工晶体学报，2023，52(9)：1651-1659. CUI Jie，YANG Xiaojing，LI Yunlong，et al. Research on ultra-precision cutting characteristics of monocrystalline silicon based on nanoindentation and nanoscratch experiments [J]. Journal of Intraocular Lenses，2019，52(9)：1651-1659.
[37] FU A，LIU B，LI Z，et al. Dynamic deformation behavior of a FeCrNi medium entropy alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology，2022，100：120-128.
[38] MA Z，XIA C，ZHONG H，et al. Microstructure，mechanical property and corrosion resistance of FeCoCrNi-M high-entropy alloy coatings on 6061 aluminum alloy prepared by laser cladding[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology，2023，455：129217.

等比添加Co、Cu元素对FeCrNi合金纳米摩擦学性能及变形机理的影响研究

Effect of Adding Co and Cu Elements in Equal Proportion on Nano Tribological Properties and Deformation Mechanism of FeCrNi Alloy

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 7

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	华东鹏, 周青, 王婉, 李硕, 王志军, 王海丰. 碳化硅纳米抛光亚表面损伤机理的分子动力学模拟[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(5): 231-240.
[2]	于洲, 余家欣, 袁卫锋, 赖建平, 何洪途. 脆性材料在韧性域内的往复纳米划痕深度预测研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(15): 246-254.
[3]	盛德尊, 张会臣. 面接触下水合羟乙基纤维素的润滑特性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(1): 120-128.
[4]	潘伶, 高诚辉. 纳米间隙润滑剂季戊四醇四酯的压缩性能分子动力学模拟[J]. 机械工程学报, 2015, 51(5): 76-82.
[5]	罗彬宾;李祥;陈云飞. 超薄水膜剪切流的分子动力学模拟[J]. , 2007, 43(9): 119-121.
[6]	何兰;沈允文;容启亮;徐雁. 半灵活主链型液晶聚合物的结构特性[J]. , 2006, 42(8): 65-70.
[7]	曾凡林;孙毅. 纳米薄膜润滑及其改性的分子动力学模拟[J]. , 2006, 42(7): 138-143.