• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (8): 74-82.doi: 10.3901/JME.2018.08.074

• 特邀专栏:大国重器:复兴之路上的轨道交通技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

一种多层弹性部件轨道系统的动态特性试验研究

许光辉1,2, 王安斌3,4, 宋月超2, 王志强4   

  1. 1. 华南理工大学土木与交通学院 广州 510640;
    2. 广州计量检测技术研究院 广州 510663;
    3. 上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院 上海 201620;
    4. 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所洛阳双瑞橡塑科技有限公司 洛阳 471003
  • 收稿日期:2017-05-02 修回日期:2017-12-26 出版日期:2018-04-20 发布日期:2018-04-20
  • 作者简介:许光辉,男,博士研究生,高级工程师。主要研究方向为轨道动力学、轨道交通减振降噪技术与测试方法。E-mail:xghscut@163.com;王安斌,男,博士,研究员,国家千人计划特聘专家。主要研究方向为轨道动力学、轨道交通减振降噪技术与测试方法。E-mail:wangab725@163.com

Research on Test Method and Dynamic Characteristics of the Rail System with Multi-player Elastic Components

XU Guanghui1,2, WANG Anbin3,4, SONG Yuechao2, WANG Zhiqiang4   

  1. 1. School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640;
    2. Guangzhou Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Guangzhou 510663;
    3. School of Urban Railway Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620;
    4. Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Luoyang Sunrui & Rubber Plastic Technology Co. Ltd., Luoyang 471003
  • Received:2017-05-02 Revised:2017-12-26 Online:2018-04-20 Published:2018-04-20

摘要: 为研究多层弹性部件轨道系统的动态特性,提出一种实验室测试方案:首先以锤击法和模态分析为基础,按照实际轨道结构搭建一段25 m长的测试平台,进而在预荷载作用下测试并计算得到轨道系统的固有频率、阻尼比和振动传递率等,最后对比分析道床隔振垫、扣件刚度和预载荷对轨道动态特性影响。结果显示:采用隔振垫能使大于40 Hz的频段具有较好的减振隔振效果,但在小于40 Hz频段会出现较大的振动峰值;随着预载荷增加,20~100 Hz频段的振动传递率急剧增大,并在30 Hz附近形成明显的共振峰值;扣件刚度减小能降低28~100 Hz频段的振动传递率和振动峰值,但同时会增加28 Hz以下频段振动传递率。试验方案和结论为研究减振产品的动态特性和减振效果提供了可靠的试验数据支撑。

关键词: 动态特性, 多层弹性部件轨道结构, 模态分析, 振动传递率

Abstract: For the sake of making a research on the dynamic characteristics of the rail system with multi-layer elastic components, a new test method is presented. For obtaining the reliable data, a simulated railway system, which is 25 m long, is built as the basis, and a loading device is also designed to generating the force on the rail by train wheels. Based on the hammering method and modal analysis, the dynamic characteristics of the system are provided and then the vibration transmissibility under different fasteners, preloads etc. it can be concluded that the vibration is reduced when the frequency is more than 40 Hz, and it is increased when the frequency is less than 40 Hz after adopting the vibration isolator. The vibration transmissibility, when the frequency is more than 20 Hz and less than 100 Hz, is increased, and the vibration transmissibility at other frequency is decreased as the increasing of the preload. When the stiffness of the fastener is decreased, the vibration transmissibility and the peak value are increased when the frequency is less than 28 Hz, and they are decreased at other frequency. The tested method and its result in some extent can support the research of the dynamic characteristics and analysis of the vibration.

Key words: dynamic characteristics, modal analysis, rail system with multi-player elastic components, vibration transmissibility

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