大型风电机组集成式传动链动态特性研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.11.106

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对大型风电机组主轴-齿轮箱-发电机三合一集成式传动链紧凑结构和强耦合特性带来的动态特性分析难题，以某12 MW集成式风电机组传动链为研究对象，综合考虑发电机的定转子参数、装配方式及电磁激励，建立考虑主轴-齿轮箱-发电机集成的多自由度精细化刚柔耦合模型；提出适用于齿轮箱动力学分析的Masta-Simpack静-动态修形转化方法，提高了仿真模型与实际齿轮箱动态性能的匹配性；提出基于多准则筛选的传动链扭振模态振动响应风险评估方法，开展传动链时频域响应及扫频阶次分析；为验证仿真结果准确性，搭建了24 MW集成式传动链对拖试验平台，并开展产品动态性能的加载试验。综合仿真与试验结果可知：在高速输出轴转速达到608 r·min^-1时，扭振信号放大约3.5倍，集成式传动链的第三级转架存在扭振风险，从部分箱体振动测点的实际响应情况可识别出该扭振风险，验证了所提出的动力学精细化建模方法的精确性和逼真度；提出的基于扭振放大系数的共振风险定量评估方法解决了测点响应无法精确反映传动链内部部件共振情况的问题。研究成果对于提高大型风电机组集成式传动链的动态性能和可靠性具有重要的指导意义。

关键词: 集成式传动链, 齿轮修形, 模态评估, 振动响应, 动态特性

Abstract: Addressing the challenges of dynamic characteristic analysis due to the compact structure and strong coupling features of the "mainshaft-gearbox-generator" trinity integrated drivetrain in large wind turbines, this study focuses on a certain 12 MW integrated wind turbine drivetrain. It comprehensively considers the parameters of the generator's stator and rotor systems, its assembly methods and electromagnetic excitations to establish a multi-degree-of-freedom refined rigid-flexible coupling model that accounts for the integration of the main shaft, gearbox, and generator. A Masta-Simpack static-dynamic modification transformation method suitable for gearbox dynamics analysis is proposed, enhancing the simulation model's compatibility with the actual dynamic performance of the gearbox. A vibration response risk assessment method based on potential torsional mode with multi-criteria screening is proposed, followed by time-frequency domain response and sweep frequency order analysis of the drivetrain. To validate the theoretical analysis results, a 24 MW pair-tow test rig bench is established, on which the dynamic performance loading experiments are carried out. It can be seen from the comprehensive simulation and experimental results that when the high-speed output shaft speed reaches 608 r·min^-1, there is a torsional vibration risk in the carrier of the third stage with a torsional vibration signal amplified by about 3.5 times. Besides, the response from some gearbox vibration measurement points can identify the torsional vibration risk, verifying the high fidelity of the proposed refined dynamic modeling method. The resonance risk assessment method based on vibration amplification factor fully resolves the issue that measurement point responses cannot accurately reflect the internal component’s vibration conditions. The research findings are of significant guiding importance for improving the dynamic performance and reliability of integrated drivetrain for large wind turbines.

Key words: integrated drivetrain, gear modification, modal evaluation, vibration response, dynamic characteristics

中图分类号:

TK412

孙义忠, 朱才朝, 陶立壮, 熊永强, 常涛. 大型风电机组集成式传动链动态特性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(11): 106-118.

SUN Yizhong, ZHU Caichao, TAO Lizhuang, XIONG Yongqiang, CHANG Tao. Research on Dynamic Characteristics of Integrated Drivetrain for Large Wind Turbines[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(11): 106-118.

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