基于压电驱动浮环轴承间隙可调的涡轮增压器转子瞬变振动主动控制

doi:10.3901/JME.2023.18.031

机械工程学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (18): 31-41.doi: 10.3901/JME.2023.18.031

• 特邀专栏：人工自愈与装备自主健康 • 上一篇下一篇

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基于压电驱动浮环轴承间隙可调的涡轮增压器转子瞬变振动主动控制

宾光富¹, 钟新利¹, 张阳演¹, 杨峰², 陈安华¹

1. 湖南科技大学机械设备健康维护省重点实验室湘潭 411201;
2. 宁波丰沃增压科技股份有限公司宁波 315336

收稿日期:2022-12-28 修回日期:2023-08-08 出版日期:2023-09-20 发布日期:2023-12-07
通讯作者: 宾光富(通信作者),男,1981年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为旋转机械动力学与振动控制。E-mail:abin811025@163.com
作者简介:钟新利,男,1982年出生,博士,讲师。主要研究方向为转子机械动力学。E-mail:zhongxinli0709@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52075165,52175091)、湖南省科技创新领军人才(2020RC4039)、中国航发自主创新专项基金(KY-1003-2021-0019)和湖南省重点研发计划(2022GK2023)资助项目。

Active Control of Transient Vibration of Turbocharger Rotor Based on Piezoelectric Drive Floating Ring Bearing Adjustable Clearance

BIN Guangfu¹, ZHONG Xinli¹, ZHANG Yangyan¹, YANG Feng², CHEN Anhua¹

1. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Health maintenance for Mechanical Equipment, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201;
2. Ningbo VÖFON Supercharger Technology Co., Ltd., Ningbo 315336

Received:2022-12-28 Revised:2023-08-08 Online:2023-09-20 Published:2023-12-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对涡轮增压器转子系统运行过程中频繁启停机、工作转速区间跨度大、转速变化快等条件下振动难以控制的问题，基于人工自愈工程理念，研究全转速范围油膜间隙与转子系统振动响应特性，提出采用压电陶瓷调节浮环轴承外油膜间隙改变系统阻尼从而实现转子系统振动快速、准确的控制。以某型汽油机涡轮增压器转子系统为例，分析推导出轴承油膜阻尼系数与其间隙的三次方成反比特性。构建不同外油膜间隙下浮环轴承转子系统动力学有限元模型，进行时域和频域非线性瞬态响应分析，得到全转速下的通频振幅和振动瀑布图，找出低中高三个转速段下转子系统最小振动幅值所对应的最佳油膜间隙，从而构建出油膜间隙与振动响应的映射矩阵。设计基于压电驱动下轴承座的外油膜间隙调节装置，采用分转速段振动主动控制策略，搭建相应的振动控制模拟试验装置，验证该控制系统的轴承间隙调节时间小于10 ms，最大位移误差小于0.5 mm，可满足实时振动控制的要求。该方法可为高速转子机械振动控制提供新的思路。

关键词: 瞬变振动主动控制, 压电驱动, 外油膜间隙, 振动响应特性, 涡轮增压器转子

Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the turbocharger rotor system needs to be frequently started and stopped during operation, the working speed range is large, and the speed changes quickly, the vibration is difficult to control. Based on the concept of artificial self-healing engineering, the oil film clearance and the rotor system in the full speed range are studied Vibration response characteristics, it is proposed to use piezoelectric ceramics to adjust the outer oil film gap of the floating ring bearing to change the system damping so as to realize the rapid and accurate control of the rotor system vibration. Taking a certain gasoline engine turbocharger rotor system as an example, the damping coefficient of the bearing oil film is inversely proportional to the cubic power of its clearance. Construct a dynamic finite element model of the floating ring bearing rotor system under different outer oil film gaps, perform time-domain and frequency-domain nonlinear transient response analysis, obtain the frequency amplitude and vibration waterfall chart at full speed, and find out the three speeds of low, medium and high The best oil film gap corresponding to the minimum vibration amplitude of the rotor system under the section, thereby constructing the mapping matrix of the oil film gap and the vibration response. The outer oil film gap adjustment device based on the piezoelectric drive bearing seat is designed, and the vibration active control strategy in different speed segments is adopted, and the corresponding vibration control simulation experimental device is built to verify that the bearing gap adjustment time of the control system is less than 10 ms, and the maximum displacement error is less than 0.5 μm, which can meet the requirements of real-time vibration control. This method can provide new ideas for mechanical vibration control of high-speed rotors.

Key words: active transient vibration control, piezo drive, outer oil clearance, vibration response characteristics, turbocharger rotor

中图分类号:

TH113

宾光富, 钟新利, 张阳演, 杨峰, 陈安华. 基于压电驱动浮环轴承间隙可调的涡轮增压器转子瞬变振动主动控制[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(18): 31-41.

BIN Guangfu, ZHONG Xinli, ZHANG Yangyan, YANG Feng, CHEN Anhua. Active Control of Transient Vibration of Turbocharger Rotor Based on Piezoelectric Drive Floating Ring Bearing Adjustable Clearance[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(18): 31-41.

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基于压电驱动浮环轴承间隙可调的涡轮增压器转子瞬变振动主动控制

Active Control of Transient Vibration of Turbocharger Rotor Based on Piezoelectric Drive Floating Ring Bearing Adjustable Clearance

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