7075铝合金疲劳损伤的多点快速非线性超声检测

doi:10.3901/JME.2018.10.023

机械工程学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (10): 23-28.doi: 10.3901/JME.2018.10.023

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7075铝合金疲劳损伤的多点快速非线性超声检测

冯伟^1,2, 万楚豪^2,3, 刘斌^2,4, 刚铁²

1. 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所江油 621908;
2. 哈尔滨工业大学先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室哈尔滨 150001;
3. 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司武汉 430075;
4. 中国科学院声学研究所噪声与振动重点实验室北京 100190

收稿日期:2017-08-09 修回日期:2017-12-06 出版日期:2018-05-20 发布日期:2018-05-20
通讯作者: 刚铁(通信作者),男,1952年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为超声无损检测和焊接过程控制。E-mail:gangt@hit.edu.cn
作者简介:冯伟,男,1991年出生,工程师。主要研究方向为超声无损检测和材料加工。E-mail:13s009143@hit.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（51575134，51705484）。

Multi-point Rapid Nonlinear Ultrasonic Inspection on Fatigue Damage of 7075 Aluminum Alloy

FENG Wei^1,2, WAN Chuhao^2,3, LIU Bin^2,4, GANG Tie²

1. Institute of Material, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Jiangyou 621908;
2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001;
3. Wuhan Space Sanjiang LITRI Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430075;
4. Key Laboratory of Noise and Vibration, Institute of acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190

Received:2017-08-09 Revised:2017-12-06 Online:2018-05-20 Published:2018-05-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 非线性超声技术是一种对疲劳损伤非常敏感的无损检测方法。设计搭建多点快速检测系统，以不同程度疲劳损伤的铝合金为例研究疲劳过程中的超声非线性效应，对多个试件的不同位置进行了检测，提取试件不同疲劳加载循环次数下的超声波基波与二次谐波幅值，据此计算出超声波非线性系数，同时将结果与金相分析结果进行对比，研究组织变化与非线性系数之间的关系。结果表明，试件在疲劳过程中，非线性系数呈先升高后降低的规律性变化，在疲劳加载循环到4.5万次时达到峰值，对应了裂纹萌生阶段。但宏观裂纹出现后非线性系数呈降低趋势；同时多点扫查结果表明，单一试件疲劳损伤区域的非线性系数与未损伤区相比差别较大，说明了非线性系数对疲劳损伤的变化非常敏感，因此采用本方法可快速实现疲劳区域的初步定位检测。

关键词: 7075铝合金, 非线性超声, 快速多点检测, 疲劳损伤

Abstract: Nonlinear ultrasonic technology is a non-destructive testing method which is very sensitive to fatigue damage. A multi-point rapid testing system is designed to study the non-linear ultrasonic effect in fatigue process with different levels of fatigue damage of aluminum alloy, the different positions of the specimen were tested, the ultrasonic fundamental wave and the second harmonic amplitude of different fatigue loading cycles of the specimen are extracted, the nonlinear parameters is calculated by them, and the results are compared with the metallographic analysis results, the relationship between changes of tissue and nonlinear parameters is studied. The results show that nonlinear parameters increase first and then decrease with the accumulation of fatigue damage, and reached the critical value when the fatigue cycles reached 45 000 times, corresponding to the crack initiation stage. However, the nonlinear parameters begin to decrease when the macro cracks appear, and the results of multi-point scanning showed that there exists great difference between the nonlinear parameter of fatigue damage region and original ones in single specimen, which indicated that the nonlinear parameters were very sensitive to the change of fatigue damage, therefore, with this method, the fatigue region could be tested and positioned preliminary.

Key words: 7075 aluminum alloy, fatigue damage, multi-point rapid inspection, nonlinear ultrasound

中图分类号:

TG156

冯伟, 万楚豪, 刘斌, 刚铁. 7075铝合金疲劳损伤的多点快速非线性超声检测[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(10): 23-28.

FENG Wei, WAN Chuhao, LIU Bin, GANG Tie. Multi-point Rapid Nonlinear Ultrasonic Inspection on Fatigue Damage of 7075 Aluminum Alloy[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 54(10): 23-28.

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7075铝合金疲劳损伤的多点快速非线性超声检测

Multi-point Rapid Nonlinear Ultrasonic Inspection on Fatigue Damage of 7075 Aluminum Alloy

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