7075铝合金超低温变形行为与回弹预测研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.14.099

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (14): 99-107.doi: 10.3901/JME.2025.14.099

• 特邀专栏：铝合金薄壁构件超低温成形制造新原理 • 上一篇

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7075铝合金超低温变形行为与回弹预测研究

戚宇彤^1,2, 孙楚研^1,2, 李淑慧^1,2

1. 上海交通大学机械系统与振动全国重点实验室上海 200240;
2. 上海交通大学上海市复杂薄板结构数字化制造重点实验室上海 200240

收稿日期:2025-01-22 修回日期:2025-03-08 发布日期:2025-08-25
作者简介:戚宇彤，男，1994年出生，博士研究生。主要研究方向为铝合金板材成形技术。E-mail:qiyutong@sjtu.edu.cn;李淑慧(通信作者)，女，1973年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为薄板结构智能制造、塑性成形理论与数值模拟。E-mail:lishuhui@sjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2019YFA0708803)和国家自然科学基金(52475377)资助项目。

Study on the Deformation Behavior and Springback Prediction of 7075 Aluminum Alloy at Cryogenic Temperature

QI Yutong^1,2, SUN Chuyan^1,2, LI Shuhui^1,2

1. State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240;
2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacture for Thin-walled Structures, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240

Received:2025-01-22 Revised:2025-03-08 Published:2025-08-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以预时效态的7075铝合金板材为试验材料，进行室温和-196 ℃下的单向拉伸、拉伸-卸载、拉伸-压缩以及U型件弯曲回弹试验，结合有限元仿真，分析超低温变形行为和回弹规律。结果表明，超低温下预时效态7075铝合金在单向拉伸时表现出延伸率提高和硬化能力增强的双增效应，在循环拉伸-卸载过程中弹性模量随应变衰减速率更快，在拉伸-压缩加载过程中表现出更显著的提前屈服现象和瞬态行为，包辛格效应增强，且超低温下U型件回弹量略大于室温。考虑到正反向加载时材料的硬化差异，使用不同的正反向硬化参数对初始Y-U模型进行修正。相比于初始Y-U模型，修正的模型能够更好地描述-196 ℃下的拉伸-压缩循环加载变形行为，并具备更高的U型件超低温回弹预测精度。

关键词: 超低温变形, 7075铝合金, 包辛格效应, 硬化模型, 回弹预测

Abstract: Taking the pre-aged 7075 aluminum alloy sheet as experimental material, the uniaxial tension, tension-unloading, tension-compression and U-bending springback tests were conducted at room temperature and -196 °C. Combined with finite element simulation, the deformation and springback behavior at cryogenic temperature were analyzed. The results show that the pre-aged 7075 aluminum alloy exhibits the dual enhancement effect of enhanced elongation and hardening ability in uniaxial tension at cryogenic temperature. During tension-unloading tests, the cryogenic elastic modulus decays faster with strain. The early yielding and transient behavior are more prominent during tension-compression tests, which means the Bauschinger effect is enhanced at cryogenic temperature. Moreover, the cryogenic springback of the U-bending specimen is slightly larger than that at room temperature. Considering the difference between forward and reverse hardening, the initial Y-U model was modified with different hardening coefficients in forward and reverse loading. At cryogenic temperature, the modified Y-U model could both describe tension-compression curve better and have higher prediction accuracy for the springback of U-bending specimen.

Key words: cryogenic deformation, 7075 aluminum alloy, Bauschinger effect, hardening model, springback prediction

中图分类号:

TG146

戚宇彤, 孙楚研, 李淑慧. 7075铝合金超低温变形行为与回弹预测研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(14): 99-107.

QI Yutong, SUN Chuyan, LI Shuhui. Study on the Deformation Behavior and Springback Prediction of 7075 Aluminum Alloy at Cryogenic Temperature[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(14): 99-107.

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7075铝合金超低温变形行为与回弹预测研究

Study on the Deformation Behavior and Springback Prediction of 7075 Aluminum Alloy at Cryogenic Temperature

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