基于Halbach阵列的温度-振动协同测量自感应智能刀柄研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260152

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (2): 35-47.doi: 10.3901/JME.260152

• 仪器科学与技术 • 上一篇

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基于Halbach阵列的温度-振动协同测量自感应智能刀柄研究

王东前^1,2,3, 孙艺文¹, 邢艳明³, 张昕¹, 蔡永林^1,2, 张磊³, 梁志强⁴

1. 北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院北京 100044;
2. 北京交通大学载运工具先进制造与测控技术教育部重点实验室北京 100044;
3. 特种车辆设计制造集成技术全国重点实验室包头 014032;
4. 北京理工大学先进加工技术国防重点学科实验室北京 100081

收稿日期:2025-08-12 修回日期:2025-11-19 发布日期:2026-03-02
作者简介:王东前,男,1990年出生,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为智能制造与机器人、智能制造与装备。E-mail:dqwang@bjtu.edu.cn;孙艺文,女,2001年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为智能制造与装备。E-mail:24121104@bjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52405450),航空科学基金(202400030M5002),特种车辆设计制造集成技术全国重点实验室开放课题(GZ2025KF016),河北省自然科学基金面上(E2025105013)资助项目。

Research on a Self-inductive Smart Tool holder System for Temperature-Vibration Collaborative Measurement Based on a Halbach Array

WANG Dongqian^1,2,3, SUN Yiwen¹, XING Yanming³, ZHANG Xin¹, CAI Yonglin^1,2, ZHANG Lei³, LIANG Zhiqiang⁴

1. School of Mechanical and Electronic Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044;
2. Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Testing Technology for Vehicle and Traffic, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044;
3. National Key Laboratory of Special Vehicle Design, Manufacturing and Integration Technology, Baotou 014032;
4. Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science for Advanced Machining, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081

Received:2025-08-12 Revised:2025-11-19 Published:2026-03-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 航空航天领域中的腔体、肋板等关键重要结构件多采用铝合金材料，该类关重件在铣削过程中极易受到温度与振动影响造成加工质量下降与刀具寿命缩短等问题。为了实现对铣削过程中温度与振动的同步监测，提升关键结构件的加工质量并延长刀具使用寿命，设计了一种基于Halbach阵列的温度-振动协同测量自感应智能刀柄系统，利用飞秒激光加工和高温固化工艺，制备了嵌入式K型热电偶测温子系统；将MEMS三轴加速度计集成至智能刀柄回转中心轴，进行高灵敏度振动信号采集。利用该智能刀柄系统开展铣削试验，结果表明系统在1 000 r/min下可实现供电；通过上位机对加工过程中温度与振动数据进行实时采集，证实了智能刀柄具备良好的可靠性与稳定性，且所测温度比热像仪具有更高的精度；基于实测温度反求刀-屑接触区域的动态热源强度并对温度场进行重构，预测温度曲线与实际温度曲线之间的误差率在8%以内，重构后的温度场能预测前刀面上最高温度位置，上述研究结果为铣削工况下刀具状态的实时感知与监测提供了新的方法。

关键词: Halbach阵列, 切削温度, 切削振动, 智能感知刀柄, 铣削加工

Abstract: In the aerospace field,critical structural components such as cavities and ribs are often manufactured from aluminum alloys. These parts are highly susceptible to temperature fluctuations and vibrations during milling operations,which can lead to degraded machining quality and reduced tool life. To address these challenges,a self-inductive smart tool holder system based on the Halbach array is designed for collaborative measurement of temperature and vibration. An embedded K-type thermocouple temperature measurement subsystem is fabricated using femtosecond laser processing and high-temperature curing techniques. A MEMS triaxial accelerometer is integrated into the rotating central shaft of the smart tool holder to achieve high-sensitivity vibration signal acquisition. Milling experiments are subsequently carried out with the developed smart tool holder system. The results indicate that the system can be powered at 1 000 r/min. Temperature and vibration data during machining are acquired in real time through an upper computer,confirming the system's high reliability and stability. The temperature measurements show higher accuracy compared to those obtained with an infrared thermal imaging camera. Based on the measured temperature,the dynamic heat source intensity in the tool-chip contact zone is inversely deduced,and the temperature field is reconstructed. The error between the predicted and actual temperature curves is maintained within 8%. The reconstructed temperature field allows prediction of the location of the maximum temperature on the rake face. The findings provide a new method for real-time perception and monitoring of tool condition in milling operations.

Key words: Halbach array, cutting temperature, cutting vibration, self-inductive smart tool holder, milling process

中图分类号:

TG54

王东前, 孙艺文, 邢艳明, 张昕, 蔡永林, 张磊, 梁志强. 基于Halbach阵列的温度-振动协同测量自感应智能刀柄研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(2): 35-47.

WANG Dongqian, SUN Yiwen, XING Yanming, ZHANG Xin, CAI Yonglin, ZHANG Lei, LIANG Zhiqiang. Research on a Self-inductive Smart Tool holder System for Temperature-Vibration Collaborative Measurement Based on a Halbach Array[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(2): 35-47.

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基于Halbach阵列的温度-振动协同测量自感应智能刀柄研究

Research on a Self-inductive Smart Tool holder System for Temperature-Vibration Collaborative Measurement Based on a Halbach Array

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