TIG焊接参数对Ti-4Al-2V钛合金焊接组织及性能的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.260048

摘要/Abstract

摘要： Ti-4Al-2V钛合金作为一种新型钛合金，目前对其不同焊接参数下的焊接组织及性能的影响因素研究较少，为了进一步扩宽其应用范围，非常有必要开展研究。以不同钨极氩弧焊(Tungsten inert gas,TIG)焊接参数制备的Ti-4Al-2V钛合金焊接接头为研究对象，对比分析热影响区各微区及焊缝区的显微组织特征，结合准静态纳米压痕及维氏硬度试验，研究了焊接参数对焊接接头微观组织的影响，构建了工艺参数、焊接组织与性能之间的关系。研究结果表明，焊接热输入量越大，热影响区(Heat-affected zone,HAZ)各微区受焊接热循环作用越大，α相长大变形越严重，片层状二次α相也越粗大。焊缝区(Fusion zone,FZ)温度梯度越大，片层状二次α相更细小、均匀，焊缝区平均纳米硬度也越高。二次α片层含量及大小是影响大小角度晶界占比的主要原因。不同焊接参数条件下，Ti-4Al-2V钛合金焊接接头纳米硬度、维氏硬度变化趋势相同，平均硬度最高区域为HAZ完全重结晶区。Ti-4Al-2V钛合金焊接接头热影响区网篮组织平均纳米硬度最高，焊接时更期望得到该组织。研究结果可为Ti-4Al-2V钛合金TIG焊接工艺迭代优化提供重要技术参考。

关键词: Ti-4Al-2V, TIG焊, 微观组织, 晶界特征, 纳米压痕

Abstract: There is currently limited research on the factors influencing the welded microstructure and properties of Ti-4Al-2V titanium alloy under different welding parameters. To further broaden its application scope, it is essential to conduct relevant research. Research is conducted on Ti-4Al-2V titanium alloy welded joints prepared using various tungsten inert gas(TIG) welding parameters. A comparative analysis is made of the microstructural characteristics of different micro-zones within the heat-affected zone(HAZ) and the fusion zone(FZ). Combined with quasi-static nanoindentation and Vickers hardness tests, the influence of welding parameters on the microstructure of the welded joints is studied. Relationships between process parameters, welding microstructure, and properties are established. Results indicate that as welding heat input increases, the micro-zones within the HAZ are more significantly affected by the welding thermal cycle, leading to greater growth and deformation of the α-phase and coarser lamellar secondary α-phase. A larger temperature gradient in the FZ results in finer and more uniform lamellar secondary α-phase, and a higher average nanoindentation hardness in the FZ. The content and size of the secondary α-lamellae are the primary factors influencing the proportion of low-and high-angle grain boundaries. Under varying welding parameter conditions, the trends of change in nanoindentation hardness and Vickers hardness of the welded joints of Ti-4Al-2V titanium alloy are consistent, with the fully recrystallized zone in the HAZ having the highest average hardness. The basket-weave microstructure in the HAZ of the Ti-4Al-2V titanium alloy welded joint exhibits the highest average nanoindentation hardness, and obtaining this microstructure is more desirable during welding. The results can provide crucial technical references for the iterative optimization of TIG welding processes for Ti-4Al-2V titanium alloy.

Key words: Ti-4Al-2V, TIG welding, microstructure, grain boundary characteristics, nanoindentation

中图分类号:

TG457

陈尧, 刘肖, 张祯迪, 张尚林, 郭楠, 吴军. TIG焊接参数对Ti-4Al-2V钛合金焊接组织及性能的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(2): 207-217.

CHEN Yao, LIU Xiao, ZHANG Zhendi, ZHANG Shanglin, GUO Nan, WU Jun. Impact of TIG Welding Parameters on the Microstructure and Properties of Ti-4Al-2V Welds[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(2): 207-217.

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