道次间回炉对热轧钛/钢复合板组织和结合性能的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.260043

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 钛/钢复合板作为一种先进的金属层状复合材料，具有耐腐蚀、轻质高强等优点。传统轧制制造的钛/钢复合板界面结合强度较低，且大多需要通过多道次、累积大压下率获得。提出双层组坯热轧制备钛/钢复合板的工艺，通过单道次（SR）、两道次连轧（DR）以及两道次—道次间回炉（DRH）的方式制备了三组复合板，首道次压下率为35%，累积压下率为50%。通过SEM、EBSD、XRD等多尺度表征手段，解析界面处的微观形貌、元素扩散及化合物生成情况，澄清了道次间回炉对钛/钢异种金属界面的微观结构和结合性能的影响机理。结果表明SR和DR后拉剪强度分别为311 MPa和351 MPa，界面形成固溶状态且结合强度超过钛基体，导致拉剪断口发生在钛基体内部。道次间回炉加速了界面处元素扩散行为，导致界面两侧的钛和钢分别发生α→β和γ→α相转变，并形成厚度约2.5μm的化合物层，观察到Fe-Cr、Cr₃Ni₂、CrTi₄、Fe₂Ti和NiTi等金属间化合物。这些金属间化合物沿界面连续分布；且因其固有脆性，二道次轧制时易破碎，在化合物内部和端部形成孔洞，显著降低了界面结合强度。多道次轧制钛/钢复合板时应采用连续轧制而避免道次间回炉。该工艺相比于其他技术在结合强度和压下率方面具有显著优势，具有应用于高性能钛/钢复合板制备的广阔前景。

关键词: 钛/钢复合板, 结合强度, 微观组织, 界面化合物

Abstract: Ti/steel clad plates serve as advanced metal laminated composite materials and offer advantages such as corrosion resistance, lightweight properties and high strength. The interface bond strength of Ti/steel clad plates manufactured by traditional rolling is low, often requiring multiple rolling passes and cumulative high reduction ratios. Fabricating Ti/steel clad plates using double-layer assembly and hot rolling is proposed. Three groups of clad plates are prepared by single-pass（SR） rolling, double continuous-passes rolling（DR） and double-passes rolling with reheating（DRH）. The reduction ratio in the first pass is 35%, and the accumulated reduction ratio is 50%. The microstructure, element diffusion and compound formation at the interface are analyzed using SEM, EBSD and XRD. The influence mechanism of reheating between passes on the microstructure and bonding properties of the Ti/steel dissimilar metal interface is clarified. The results show that the tensile shear strength after SR and DR are 311 MPa and 351 MPa, respectively. A solid solution state is formed at the interface. The bond strength is higher than that of the titanium matrix, resulting in the tensile shear fracture occurring in the titanium matrix. Reheating between passes accelerates the element diffusion behavior at the interface, resulting in α→β and γ→α phase transitions on the Ti and steel sides, respectively. Intermetallic compound layers with a thickness of 2.5 μm are formed and distributed continuously at the interface, including Fe-Cr, Cr₃ Ni₂, CrTi₄, Fe₂ Ti and Ni Ti. Due to inherent brittleness, these compounds are prone to breaking during the second pass rolling, forming holes inside and at the ends of the compound, significantly reducing the interface bond strength. Rolling Ti/steel clad plates through multiple passes should adopt continuous rolling and avoid reheating between passes. This process has significant advantages in bonding strength and reduction rate compared with other technologies and has broad prospects for the preparation of high-performance Ti/steel clad plates.

Key words: Ti/steel clad plates, bond strength, microstructure, interfacial compounds

中图分类号:

TG335.1

武越, 章海明, 刘畅, 白晋龙, 张婷婷, 王涛, 黄庆学. 道次间回炉对热轧钛/钢复合板组织和结合性能的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(2): 146-156.

WU Yue, ZHANG Haiming, LIU Chang, BAI Jinglong, ZHANG Tingting, WANG Tao, HUANG Qingxue. Effect of Reheating between Rolling Passes on Microstructure and Bonding Properties of Hot-rolled Ti/Steel Clad Plates[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(2): 146-156.

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