多模态磁控电源及9% Ni钢K-TIG打底焊成形优化机理研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260044

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (2): 157-169.doi: 10.3901/JME.260044

• 材料科学与工程 • 上一篇

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多模态磁控电源及9% Ni钢K-TIG打底焊成形优化机理研究

詹家通¹, 刘志忠², 叶雄越², 石永华¹, 钟少涛²

1. 华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院广州 510640;
2. 广东福维德焊接股份有限公司广州 510700

收稿日期:2024-12-05 修回日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2026-03-02
作者简介:詹家通,男,1995年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为新一代高效数字化电源、磁控K-TIG辅助智能焊接技术。E-mail:1224922140@qq.com;石永华,男,1973年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为机器人智能焊接及自动化。E-mail:yhuashi@scut.edu.cn
基金资助:
广西重点研发计划(桂科AB24010123),新能源汽车新型冷板集成结构铝合金电池下箱体研发及产业化(20241394),国家重点研发计划(2023YFC2809800),2023年度深圳高新区龙华园区创新平台建设(11003a20241221fcbb079)资助项目。

Study on Multi-mode Magnetic Control Power Supply and Weld Sem Formation Optimization Mechanism for K-TIG Backing Welding of 9%Ni Steel

ZHAN Jiatong¹, LIU Zhizhong², YE Xiongyue², SHI Yonghua¹, ZHONG Shaotao²

1. School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640;
2. Guangdong ForeWeld Corporation Limited, Guangzhou 510700

Received:2024-12-05 Revised:2025-06-25 Published:2026-03-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解决9% Ni钢中厚板高效K-TIG打底焊导致的热量集中、熔池下漏及侧壁不熔合等焊接难题，提出采用外加辅助磁场优化焊缝成形质量。首先根据励磁线圈的物理特性选定了磁控电源功率主电路的拓扑结构，设计了其电感电容参数，结合正弦脉宽调制(Sine pulse width modulation,SPWM)技术，阐述了多模态电流产生原理，并在Simulink中搭建了仿真电路从理论上论证其可行性。随后以STM32F103为主控芯片，设计了相应的数字环路控制算法，实现了直流、脉冲、交流正弦等任意可调的多模态电能输出。最后利用该磁控电源进行了9% Ni钢中厚板K-TIG打底焊接试验，结果表明外加交变纵向磁场可促使电弧旋转摆动，有效避免了传统K-TIG焊热量集中造成的下漏、侧壁不熔合等缺陷，对焊缝成形质量优化效果良好。进一步地，建立了相应的三维电弧数值计算模型，阐明了外加交变磁场对K-TIG焊接电弧的影响机理。

关键词: 9%Ni钢, K-TIG焊, 数字环路控制, 外加磁场, 多模态

Abstract: The use of an external magnetic field is proposed to optimize weld seam formation in K-TIG backing welding of medium-thick 9%Ni steel plates. First, the physical characteristics of the excitation coil are considered to select the main circuit topology for the magnetic control power supply(MCPW), and the inductance and capacitance are designed accordingly. Combined with sinusoidal pulse width modulation(SPWM) technology, the principle of generating multi-mode currents is elucidated. A simulation model is developed in Simulink to theoretically demonstrate the feasibility of the approach. Subsequently, using the STM32F103 microcontroller, a digital loop control algorithm is designed to achieve arbitrarily adjustable multi-mode current outputs, including DC, pulse, and AC sine waves. Finally, the MCPW is employed to conduct K-TIG backing welding experiments on medium-thick 9%Ni steel plates. The results indicate that the external alternating longitudinal magnetic field induces arc rotation and oscillation, effectively mitigating defects such as undercut and incomplete fusion caused by heat concentration. As a result, weld seam formation is significantly optimized. Furthermore, a three-dimensional arc numerical model is established to clarify the mechanism by which the external alternating magnetic field influences the K-TIG welding arc.

Key words: 9%Ni steel, K-TIG welding, digital loop control, external magnetic field, multi-mode

中图分类号:

TG439

詹家通, 刘志忠, 叶雄越, 石永华, 钟少涛. 多模态磁控电源及9% Ni钢K-TIG打底焊成形优化机理研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(2): 157-169.

ZHAN Jiatong, LIU Zhizhong, YE Xiongyue, SHI Yonghua, ZHONG Shaotao. Study on Multi-mode Magnetic Control Power Supply and Weld Sem Formation Optimization Mechanism for K-TIG Backing Welding of 9%Ni Steel[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(2): 157-169.

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多模态磁控电源及9% Ni钢K-TIG打底焊成形优化机理研究

Study on Multi-mode Magnetic Control Power Supply and Weld Sem Formation Optimization Mechanism for K-TIG Backing Welding of 9%Ni Steel

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