横风环境下转向架区域的雪粒运动与沉积特性

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.22.262

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究高速列车在高寒环境运行出现的转向架积雪现象，建立动车转向架和简化车体模型，采用欧拉-拉格朗日法研究横风环境下的雪粒运动与沉积特性。研究结果表明，横风导致转向架表面的摩擦风速增加，雪粒所受剪切力增大，因此雪粒稳定沉积的概率降低。横风将大量雪粒从列车底部带出转向架区域，使得雪粒在轮对附近上扬进入转向架区域的量减少，随着横风的速度增加，雪粒向上运动的速度相对于横风速度的比值减小，导致转向架区域的积雪量降低。雪粒从迎风侧穿过转向架底部流至背风侧，再从背风侧扩张流出转向架区域的过程中，背风侧表面会有大量的雪粒碰撞，且背风侧表面的气流受到迎风侧部件的阻碍，背风侧的雪粒所受剪切力较小，容易形成积雪。

关键词: 高速列车, 转向架, 积雪, 离散相模型, 横风

Abstract: To investigate the snow accumulation in the bogie region of high-speed trains operating in cold climates, this study established a bogie and simplified body model of the train and used the Euler-Lagrange method to study snow particle motion and deposition characteristics under crosswind conditions. The results showed that crosswinds increased the frictional velocity on the bogie surface and the shear forces acting on snow particles, reducing the probability of stable deposition. Crosswind carries a large amount of snow particles out of the bogie region from the bottom of the train, reducing the amount of snow particles that rise near the wheelset and enter the bogie region. As the crosswind speed increases, the ratio of the upward movement speed of the snow particles to the crosswind speed decreases, resulting in a reduction in the amount of snow accumulation in the bogie region. During the process where snow particles flow from the windward side through the bottom of the bogie to the leeward side and then expand and flow out of the bogie region, a large number of snow particles collide with the surface on the leeward side. Moreover, the airflow on the leeward side is obstructed by the components on the windward side, and the shear force on the snow particles on the leeward side is relatively small, making it easy for snow to accumulate.

Key words: high-speed trains, bogie, snow accumulation, discrete phase model, crosswind

中图分类号:

U270

兰洪, 张继业, 蔡路, 樊永祺. 横风环境下转向架区域的雪粒运动与沉积特性[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(22): 262-270.

LAN Hong, ZHANG Jiye, CAI Lu, FAN Yongqi. Motion and Deposition Characteristics of Snow Particles in Crosswind Environment for Bogie Region[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(22): 262-270.

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