轨道不平顺激励下高速列车制动系统动态响应

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.12.281

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究轨道不平顺激励对高速列车制动系统动力学行为的影响，建立考虑盘形制动系统的高速列车车辆动力学模型。该模型系统地考虑了制动夹钳、制动盘柔性变形和轨道不平顺激励的影响，并通过线路试验验证了模型的有效性。基于建立的模型，分析轨道不平顺激励对制动系统振动特性和制动界面相互作用的影响。结果表明，轨道不平顺激励引起的轮轨相互作用导致车辆系统振动加剧，进而引起制动系统剧烈振动，制动盘片相互作用复杂。车辆在低速制动时，轨道不平顺激励对制动系统动力学行为影响较小，但制动压力的增大会加剧制动系统振动响应。随着制动车速的增加，轨道不平顺激励会显著影响制动系统的动力学行为，而制动压力的增大会使得制动系统横向和垂向振动减小。

关键词: 高速列车, 制动系统, 轨道不平顺, 动力学行为, 柔性变形

Abstract: In order to explore the influence of track irregularity excitations on dynamic behaviors of a high-speed train braking system, a dynamics model of a train vehicle contains the disc braking system is established, which systematically considers the effects of brake clamp, brake disc flexible deformation and track irregularity excitations. And the validity of the model is further verified by line tests. Based on the established model, the influence of track irregularity excitations on braking system vibration characteristics and interaction of braking interface is analyzed. The results show that the track irregularity excitations aggravate the wheel-rail interactions and increase the vibration of vehicle system, which leads to the severe vibration of the braking system and causes the more complicated disc-pad interactions. When the vehicle braking at low speeds, the track irregularity excitations have limited influence on dynamic behaviors of the braking system. But a greater braking pressure would enhance the vibration response of the braking system. With the increase of braking speed, the track irregularity excitations significantly affect the dynamic behaviors of the braking system, and the increase of braking pressure reduces the lateral and vertical vibration behaviors of the braking system.

Key words: high-speed train, braking system, track irregularity, dynamic behaviors, flexible deformation

中图分类号:

TH113

杨林川, 楚明, 王权, 王志伟, 莫继良. 轨道不平顺激励下高速列车制动系统动态响应[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(12): 281-292.

YANG Linchuan, CHU Ming, WANG Quan, WANG Zhiwei, MO Jiliang. Dynamic Response of High-speed Train Braking System under Track Irregularity Excitation[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(12): 281-292.

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