关键词: 承压设备, 风险, 设计, 寿命, 维护, 制造

Abstract: In recent years, with the rapid change of global economic situation, quality deterioration of resources and adjustment of energy structure, the pressure-bearing equipments are developing gradually to the extreme direction of high temperature, cryogenic temperature, complex medium corrosion, ultrabig volume, ultrabig wall thickness, etc. It becomes an important subject confronted by Chinese scientific and technical workers of processing equipment to research breaking through the key design, manufacture and maintenance technology of important pressure equipments under extreme conditions and realize localization of important equipment and ensure long-cycle safe operation. The current main development trends of pressure equipment in process industry is described, the deficiency existing in the past standards and codes and technical methods for design, manufacture and operation management of Chinese pressure equipments are analyzed, and the main achievements obtained in the aspects of design, manufacture and maintenance of important pressure equipment under extreme conditions such as high temperature, cryogenic temperature, complex corrosion, ultrabig volume, ultrabig wall thickness, etc. and several technical difficulties solved are introduced, and the main research works requiring further development are prospected.

Key words: Design, Life, Maintenance, Manufacture, Pressure equipment, Risk