MBSE在运载火箭设计与验证中的应用技术研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260362

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 运载火箭作为复杂系统的代表，面临着高质量、高效率、高效益研制的挑战。针对传统运载火箭研制过程中文档驱动方法存在的上下游协同复杂、多系统耦合验证困难、迭代效率低等问题，从基于模型的系统工程(Model based systems engineering，MBSE)方法在复杂系统研发中的应用现状出发，例举分析主流的MBSE方法论，并重点面向运载火箭研制历程中的需求分析、方案设计、流程验证等环节，开展MBSE应用技术研究。通过场景化仿真，展示了MBSE对于提升火箭研制质量和效率，以及预示潜在风险问题的有效性。为运载火箭系统研制提供了一套模型驱动范式，可扩展应用于数字孪生与智能决策支持，对推动航天复杂系统研制模式向精准化、敏捷化转型具有显著的工程价值。并对新形势下MBSE技术的发展方向，以及面向运载火箭的融合应用前景提出了建议和展望。

关键词: 运载火箭, MBSE, 需求分析, 方案设计, 流程验证

Abstract: As a representative of complex systems, launch vehicles face the challenges of high-quality, high-efficiency and high-benefit development. Addressing the limitations of traditional document-driven approaches such as complex cross-disciplinary coordinaiton, difficulties in multi-system coupled verification, and low iterative efficiency, the current application status of model based systems engineering (MBSE) methods in complex system development is investigated, and the mainstream MBSE methodology is analyzed. The MBSE application technology research is conducted focusing on the requirements analysis, scheme disign, process verification and other aspects in the development process of launch vehicles. Through scenario-based simulations, the effectiveness of MBSE in improving development quality and efficiency, as well as identifying potential risks is demonstrated. A model-driven framework is proposed for launch vehicle system development, extendable to digital twins and intelligent decision support, showcasing significant engineering value in advancing precision-oriented and agile transformation for aerospace complex systems. Suggestions and prospects are put forward for the development direction of MBSE technology under the new situation, as well as the integration application prospects for launch vehicles.

Key words: launch vehicle, MBSE, requirements analysis, scheme disign, process verification

中图分类号:

V475.1

宁伟航, 李佳, 李亚青, 李澍, 周潇雅. MBSE在运载火箭设计与验证中的应用技术研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(7): 25-37.

NING Weihang, LI Jia, LI Yaqing, LI Shu, ZHOU Xiaoya. Research on the Application Technology of MBSE in Launch Vehicle Design and Verification[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(7): 25-37.

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链接本文: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/10.3901/JME.260362

http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I7/25

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