多运动副解析的汽车悬架拓扑构型优化设计方法

doi:10.3901/JME.260441

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (8): 33-48.doi: 10.3901/JME.260441

• 特邀专辑：汽车线控底盘 • 上一篇下一篇

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多运动副解析的汽车悬架拓扑构型优化设计方法

何智成¹, 何景林¹, 姜潮¹, 高晖², 徐文琳¹, 刘越³

1. 湖南大学整车先进设计制造技术全国重点实验室长沙 410082;
2. 柳州五菱新能源汽车有限公司柳州 545000;
3. 先进越野系统技术全国重点实验室北京 100072

收稿日期:2025-07-07 修回日期:2025-12-10 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-06-12
作者简介:何智成,男,1983年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为智能汽车与智能控制,先进结构与智能设计。E-mail:hezhicheng815@163.com;何景林,男,2001年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为悬架机构设计。E-mail:hejinglin123@hnu.edu.cn;姜潮,男,1978年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为复杂装备可靠性技术,特种机器人技术,车身设计技术等。E-mail:jiangc@hnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
湖南省创新领军人才计划资助项目(2022RC3038)。

Optimal Design Methodology of Automobiles Suspension Topological Configuration with Multi-joints Parsing

HE Zhicheng¹, HE Jinglin¹, JIANG Chao¹, GAO Hui², XU Wenlin¹, LIU Yue³

1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle, Hunan University, Changsha 410082;
2. Liuzhou Wuling New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd., Liuzhou 545000;
3. National Key Laboratory of Advanced Off-road System Technology, Beijing 100072

Received:2025-07-07 Revised:2025-12-10 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-06-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 悬架对于车辆的平顺性和操作稳定性至关重要。目前的悬架设计方法无法实现通用运动副(球副、转动副、移动副)解析的汽车悬架拓扑构型优化，且存在迭代结果构型不清晰、收敛速度低等问题。因此，提出一种多运动副解析的汽车悬架拓扑构型优化设计方法，实现悬架构型与尺寸的协同优化设计。首先对悬架设计空间进行离散并对离散节点采用“三弹簧”约束后通过离散节点之间的杆系来建立多弹簧杆件模型；其次，采用能量法建立悬架设计域离散模型的整体准静态平衡方程，求解车轮垂直跳动输入下模型的状态变量，并以功传递效率最大化为目标，车轮轮距、前束和外倾等运动学特性为约束，建立悬架构型拓扑优化模型，实现悬架构型与尺寸的优化设计；最后，提出构型识别算法来解决悬架构型不明确，收敛速度慢的问题。多个算例表明，提出的设计方法不仅能够实现严格空间下的悬架拓扑构型设计，同时还能实现多种运动副的新型悬架构型创新设计。

关键词: 拓扑构型设计, 车辆悬架, 悬架导向臂构型, 多运动副解析

Abstract: Suspension is critical for vehicle ride comfort and operational stability. The current suspension design method cannot realize the topological configuration optimization of multi-joints(spherical, revolute and translational joints), and there are problems of unclear configuration and low convergence speed. Therefore, a topological design method of multi-joints parsing is proposed, the optimal design of topology and size is realized. Firstly, the suspension design space is discretized and the discrete nodes are constrained by the “three springs”. Then, the multi-spring rod model is established through the rod system between the discrete. Secondly, the quasi-static equilibrium equation is established to solve the state variable, with the goal of maximizing work transmittance efficiency and the kinematic characteristics such as wheel track, toe and camber as the constraints, the optimization model is established to realize the optimal design of topology and size. Finally, the identification algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of unclear configuration and low convergence speed. Many examples show that the proposed design method can not only realize the topology design in strict space, but also realize the innovative design of the new suspension configuration of multi-joints.

Key words: topological configuration design, vehicle suspension, suspension guide arm configuration, multi-joints parsing

中图分类号:

U463

何智成, 何景林, 姜潮, 高晖, 徐文琳, 刘越. 多运动副解析的汽车悬架拓扑构型优化设计方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(8): 33-48.

HE Zhicheng, HE Jinglin, JIANG Chao, GAO Hui, XU Wenlin, LIU Yue. Optimal Design Methodology of Automobiles Suspension Topological Configuration with Multi-joints Parsing[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(8): 33-48.

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多运动副解析的汽车悬架拓扑构型优化设计方法

Optimal Design Methodology of Automobiles Suspension Topological Configuration with Multi-joints Parsing

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