激光粉末床熔融B4Cp/Al复合材料的性能研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260120

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解决B₄Cp/Al复合材料制备过程中出现的颗粒团聚、致密性差以及剧烈的界面反应导致大量粗大的针状相的问题，采用激光粉末床熔融技术制备了B₄Cp/Al复合材料，研究连续/脉冲激光模式对B₄Cp/Al复合材料微观组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明：随能量密度的增大，B₄Cp/Al复合材料的致密性先增大后减小，在能量密度为38 J/mm³时达到最大为99.43%。在相同能量密度下，连续激光制备过程中B₄C易与Al基体发生界面反应，形成界面产物Al₃BC、Al₄C₃脆性相，导致界面结合性能降低，脉冲激光的周期性作用可以有效抑制界面反应并促进B₄C颗粒的均匀分散，在试样中并没有发现脆性相Al₄C₃的生成，但试样中的缺陷明显更多。连续/脉冲激光试样的抗拉强度分别达到了433.42 MPa和420.69 MPa，二者的断裂方式均为脆性断裂。采用数值分析方法分析了LPBF过程中熔池形貌与温度变化。

关键词: 激光粉末床熔融, 脉冲激光, B₄Cp/Al复合材料, 致密化, 微观组织, 力学性能

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of particle agglomeration, poor densification and violent interfacial reaction leading to a large number of coarse needle-like phases during the preparation of B₄Cp/Al composites. B₄Cp/Al composites were prepared by laser powder bed melting technology. The effects of continuous/pulsed laser mode on the microstructure and mechanical properties of B₄Cp/Al composites were studied. The results show that with the increase of energy density, the density of B₄Cp/Al composites increases first and then decreases, and reaches the maximum of 99.43% when the energy density is 38 J/mm³. At the same energy density, B₄C is prone to interfacial reaction with Al matrix during continuous laser preparation, forming interfacial products Al₃BC and Al₄C₃ brittle phases, which leads to the decrease of interfacial bonding properties, the periodic action of the pulsed laser can effectively inhibit the interfacial reaction and promote the homogeneous dispersion of the B₄C particles, and the generation of the brittle phase Al₄C₃ is not found in the specimens, but the defects in the specimens were obviously more. The tensile strength of the continuous/pulsed laser specimens reach 433.42 MPa and 420.69 MPa, respectively, and the fracture mode of both is brittle fracture. Numerical analysis is used to analyze the melt pool morphology and temperature changes during LPBF.

Key words: laser powder bed fusion, pulsed laser, B₄Cp/Al composites, densification, microstructure, mechanical property

中图分类号:

TG156

韩新宇, 刘峻嵩, 石岩. 激光粉末床熔融B₄Cp/Al复合材料的性能研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(4): 224-232.

HAN Xinyu, LIU Junsong, SHI Yan. Properties of B₄Cp/Al Composites Prepared by Laser Powder Bed Fusion[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(4): 224-232.

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激光粉末床熔融B₄Cp/Al复合材料的性能研究

Properties of B₄Cp/Al Composites Prepared by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

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