基于帽贝牙齿齿廓构形的PCBN仿生刀具研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.23.341

机械工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (23): 341-353.doi: 10.3901/JME.2024.23.341

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基于帽贝牙齿齿廓构形的PCBN仿生刀具研究

马晶, 李胜杰, 刘强, 刘献礼, 杨绍成, 张明鉴

哈尔滨理工大学先进制造智能化技术教育部重点实验室哈尔滨 150080

收稿日期:2023-12-09 修回日期:2024-04-19 出版日期:2024-12-05 发布日期:2025-01-23
作者简介:马晶，女，1989年出生，博士，副教授，硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为仿生刀具技术基础及应用。E-mail：majing2211@163.com;刘强(通信作者)，男，1988年出生，博士，副教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为智能刀具技术，切削加工过程检测监控技术、仿生刀具设计与制备技术。E-mail：liuqianglink@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52005141)、黑龙江省自然科学基金(YQ2021E035)和哈尔滨市制造业科技创新人才(2022HBRCCG008)资助项目。

Research on PCBN Bionic Cutting Tool Based on Limpet Tooth Profile Configuration

MA Jing, LI Shengjie, LIU Qiang, LIU Xianli, YANG Shaocheng, ZHANG Mingjian

Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology of Ministry of Education, HarbinUniversity of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080

Received:2023-12-09 Revised:2024-04-19 Online:2024-12-05 Published:2025-01-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 淬硬钢Cr12MoV属于典型的难加工材料，在切削过程中产生的机械载荷高，切削难度大，刀具易磨损、崩刃，降低刀具的使用寿命。为解决淬硬钢Cr12MoV切削过程中切削力大的问题，基于仿生学原理，将帽贝牙齿内轮廓结构运用到PCBN刀具前刀面的设计中，提出了具有帽贝齿廓构形的PCBN仿生刀具。通过切削仿真分析PCBN仿生刀具结构参数对切削力的影响规律，发现前刀面第一圆弧半径R₁对切削力的影响程度最大，前刀面第二弦长L₃对切削力的影响程度最小。以切削力最小为目标对PCBN仿生刀具前刀面结构参数进行优化，并完成最优结构参数的PCBN仿生刀具制备。以切削力、切屑形态、刀具磨损为切削性能指标，与PCBN平面形刀具对比发现，PCBN仿生刀具切削力得到降低，省力效果最大可达16.1%；对切屑形态分析发现PCBN仿生刀具的锯齿化程度得到改善，切削过程更加平稳；PCBN仿生刀具前刀面和后刀面磨损面积较小，刀具使用寿命得到提高。

关键词: 帽贝牙齿, PCBN仿生刀具, 切削力, 切屑形态, 刀具磨损

Abstract: Hardened steel Cr12MoV is a typical difficult-to-machine material. The mechanical load generated during the cutting process is high, the cutting is difficult, and the tool is prone to wear and chipping, which reduces the tool's service life. In order to solve the problem of high cutting force during the cutting of hardened steel Cr12MoV, based on the principle of bionics, the inner contour structure of limpet teeth is applied to the design of the rake face of PCBN tools. A PCBN bionic tool with limpet tooth profile configuration is proposed. Through cutting simulation analysis of the influence of PCBN bionic tool structural parameters on cutting force, it was found that the first arc radius R₁ of the rake surface has the greatest influence on the cutting force, and the second chord length L₃ of the rake surface has the smallest influence on the cutting force. The structural parameters of the rake face of PCBN bionic tools are optimized to minimize cutting force, and the preparation of PCBN bionic tools with optimal structural parameters is completed. Using cutting force, chip shape, and tool wear as cutting performance indicators, compared with PCBN planar tools, it is found that the cutting force of PCBN bionic tools is reduced, and the labor-saving effect can reach up to 16.1%; analysis of chip shape shows that the degree of serration of PCBN bionic tools has been improved, and the cutting process is smoother; the wear area of the rake face and flank face of the PCBN bionic tool is small, and the service life of the tool is improved.

Key words: limpet teeth, PCBN bionic cutting tool, cutting force, chip morphology, cutting tool wear

中图分类号:

TB17
TG712

马晶, 李胜杰, 刘强, 刘献礼, 杨绍成, 张明鉴. 基于帽贝牙齿齿廓构形的PCBN仿生刀具研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(23): 341-353.

MA Jing, LI Shengjie, LIU Qiang, LIU Xianli, YANG Shaocheng, ZHANG Mingjian. Research on PCBN Bionic Cutting Tool Based on Limpet Tooth Profile Configuration[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(23): 341-353.

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基于帽贝牙齿齿廓构形的PCBN仿生刀具研究

Research on PCBN Bionic Cutting Tool Based on Limpet Tooth Profile Configuration

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