切削加工车削刀具断屑装置及技术研究综述

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.07.334

机械工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (7): 334-349.doi: 10.3901/JME.2024.07.334

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切削加工车削刀具断屑装置及技术研究综述

刘安南^1,2, 刘战强^1,2, 蔡士祥³, 赵金富^1,2, 王兵^1,2

1. 山东大学机械工程学院济南 250061;
2. 山东大学高效洁净机械制造教育部重点实验室济南 250061;
3. 重汽(济南)车桥有限公司济南 250104

收稿日期:2023-04-23 修回日期:2023-12-08 出版日期:2024-04-05 发布日期:2024-06-07
通讯作者: 刘战强，男，1969年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为金属切削加工。E-mail：melius@sdu.edu.cn
作者简介:刘安南，男，1999年出生。主要研究方向为金属切削加工。E-mail：sduliuannan@mail.sdu.edu.cn；蔡士祥，男，1972年出生，本科。主要研究方向为机械制造。E-mail：13864167096@163.com；赵金富，男，1993年出生，博士后。主要研究方向为金属切削加工。E-mail：sduzhaojinfu@sdu.edu.cn；王兵，男，1990年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为金属切削加工。E-mail：sduwangbing@sdu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2019YFB2005401)和国家自然科学基金(52275444)资助项目。

Advanced Devices and Technologies for Chip Breaking of Turning Tool Inserts: A review

LIU Annan^1,2, LIU Zhanqiang^1,2, CAI Shixiang³, ZHAO Jinfu^1,2, WANG Bing^1,2

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061;
2. Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061;
3. Sinotruk (Jinan) Axle Co., Ltd., Jinan 250104

Received:2023-04-23 Revised:2023-12-08 Online:2024-04-05 Published:2024-06-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 金属切削加工过程中，当加工高韧性材料或切削用量选用不当时，容易产生带状或螺旋状连续切屑，这类切屑持续卷曲不断裂并且容易发生缠绕，切屑缠绕导致切削区域材料非稳定变形及切削力波动，严重的切屑缠绕还会刮擦划伤零件已加工表面，恶化加工表面质量，影响零件服役寿命。基于连续切屑形成及断裂机理，研发断屑技术与装置可实现切屑周期性断裂，消除或抑制切屑缠绕，从而可实现高质高效的切削加工。首先，对切屑运动状态及断裂机理进行阐述；其次，分别论述了嵌入式断屑器、刀具织构化断屑、高压射流断屑、优化切削工艺参数断屑和专用断屑装置等车削断屑方法，并对这些断屑装置与技术方法的工作原理和断屑效果进行对比分析，总结出其优势和不足；最后，在切屑断裂判据、可转位刀片断屑结构设计、断屑过程仿真模型、断屑技术创新优化方面对断屑研究的理论和应用发展提出展望。

关键词: 切削加工, 车削刀具, 切屑缠绕, 断屑机理, 断屑方法

Abstract: In the process of metal cutting, when processing high toughness materials or using improper cutting parameters, it is easy to generate ribbon or spiral shaped continuous chips. These type of chips continuously curl without breaking and are prone to entanglement. It leads to unstable material deformation and fluctuation of cutting force. Serious chip entanglement will scratch the machined surface, deteriorate the surface quality and affect the service life of machined parts. Based on the mechanism of continuous chip formation and fracture, developing chip breaking techniques and devices can achieve periodic chip breaking, eliminate or suppress chip entanglement. The high quality and high performance cutting can be achieved. Firstly, the typical motion state of chip and fracture mechanism are analyzed. Secondly, the methods of insert chip breaker, micro-textured cutting tool, high-pressure jet, optimization of cutting process parameters and special chip breaker of turning tool inserts are described respectively. The working principles and chip breaking effects of these chip breaking devices and techniques are compared and analyzed, and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Finally, the theory and application development of chip breaking research are prospected in the aspects of chip breaking criterion, chip breaking structure design of indexable inserts, chip breaking process simulation model and chip breaking technology innovation optimization.

Key words: mechanical machining, turning tool insert, chip entanglement, chip breaking mechanism, chip breaking method

中图分类号:

TG51
TG506

刘安南, 刘战强, 蔡士祥, 赵金富, 王兵. 切削加工车削刀具断屑装置及技术研究综述[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(7): 334-349.

LIU Annan, LIU Zhanqiang, CAI Shixiang, ZHAO Jinfu, WANG Bing. Advanced Devices and Technologies for Chip Breaking of Turning Tool Inserts: A review[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(7): 334-349.

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切削加工车削刀具断屑装置及技术研究综述

Advanced Devices and Technologies for Chip Breaking of Turning Tool Inserts: A review

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