增材制造低活化钢研究现状及展望

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.07.312

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 低活化铁素体/马氏体(Reduced activation ferritic/martensitic, RAFM)钢是目前较成熟的聚变堆结构材料，具有低活化特性的纳米氧化物弥散强化(Oxide dispersion strengthened, ODS)钢兼具辐照稳定性和良好的高温强度，是最有发展前途的聚变堆结构材料。概述了增材制造技术在聚变堆结构材料领域应用的典型案例。围绕热输入量、扫描策略、打印尺寸、粉末特性、热处理优化等方面分析了增材制造RAFM钢微观组织调控和力学性能优化的研究进展。评述了增材制造低活化ODS钢粉末制备、缺陷控制以及纳米相调控的研究策略。最后，总结了增材制造RAFM钢存在的机遇和低活化ODS钢面临的挑战，对其发展趋势和技术难点进行了展望。

关键词: 增材制造, RAFM钢, 低活化ODS钢, 微观组织, 力学性能

Abstract: Reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels are currently the more mature fusion reactors structural materials. Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steels with low activation characteristics, which have both irradiation stability and high temperature strength, are the most promising structural material for fusion reactors. Typical application cases of additive manufacturing technology in the field of fusion reactor structural materials are summarized. The research progress on the control of microstructure and optimization of mechanical properties of RAFM steels for additive manufacturing is reviewed in terms of heat input, scanning strategies, sample sizes, powder characteristics, and heat treatment optimization. The research strategies of powder preparation, defect control and nanophase regulation of ODS steels with specific low activation characteristics in additive manufacturing are reviewed. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of additively manufactured RAFM steels and low activation ODS steels are summarized, and their development trends and technical difficulties are prospected.

Key words: additive manufacturing, RAFM steels, low activation ODS steels, microstructure, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TG142

陈伟, 赵杰, 朱利斌, 曹海波. 增材制造低活化钢研究现状及展望[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(7): 312-333.

CHEN Wei, ZHAO Jie, ZHU Libin, CAO Haibo. Research Progress on Additive Manufacturing of Low Activation Steels[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(7): 312-333.

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