高强钢断裂韧性与疲劳裂纹扩展评价方法研究进展

doi:10.3901/JME.2023.16.018

机械工程学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (16): 18-31.doi: 10.3901/JME.2023.16.018

• 特邀专栏:机械结构强度设计与完整性评估 • 上一篇下一篇

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高强钢断裂韧性与疲劳裂纹扩展评价方法研究进展

李鹤飞^1,2, 张鹏¹, 张哲峰¹

1. 中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心沈阳 110016;
2. 石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室石家庄 050043

收稿日期:2022-11-19 修回日期:2023-03-16 出版日期:2023-08-20 发布日期:2023-11-15
通讯作者: 张哲峰(通信作者),男,1970年出生,博士,研究员,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为金属材料力学行为性能评价、强韧化机制、疲劳损伤与寿命性能预测、断裂机理与强度理论及工程构件失效分析。E-mail:zhfzhang@imr.ac.cn
作者简介:李鹤飞,男,1989年出生,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为机车车辆关键部件疲劳与断裂。E-mail:hfli@stdu.edu.cn;张鹏,男,1982年出生,博士,研究员,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为金属材料疲劳性能预测与优化。E-mail:pengzhang@imr.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52130002,12102275)。

Research Progress on Evaluation Methods of Fracture Toughness and Fatigue Crack Growth in High-strength Steel

LI Hefei^1,2, ZHANG Peng¹, ZHANG Zhefeng¹

1. Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016;
2. State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043

Received:2022-11-19 Revised:2023-03-16 Online:2023-08-20 Published:2023-11-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 高强钢在服役过程中长期经受循环载荷作用，其疲劳与断裂问题一直是热点研究方向。准确评估高强钢的疲劳寿命和监测高强钢构件的服役状态，是保证大型装备安全运行的关键。随着断裂力学发展，损伤容限设计已成为航空、航天、核电和高速铁路等重要工业领域的关键构件疲劳断裂控制方法。作为损伤容限设计中的关键力学参量，准确掌握断裂韧性和疲劳裂纹扩展的评价方法，能够对解决大型构件完整性和可靠性研究的瓶颈问题中起到承上启下的作用。首先概述高强钢的分类和失效问题，分析断裂韧性和疲劳裂纹扩展的表征形式。从尺寸效应和能量准则等方面系统阐述了小试样估算断裂韧性的方法，并探讨高强钢中拉伸性能、冲击韧性与断裂韧性的定量关系研究进展。从近门槛值区、稳态区和全阶段区域分别阐述疲劳裂纹扩展模型和方法，并重点介绍贴近实际工程应用中的应力比和尺寸效应两方面的研究进展。最后提出高强钢断裂韧性和疲劳裂纹扩展评估及测试技术研究中值得关注的若干问题。

关键词: 高强钢, 拉伸强度, 断裂韧性, 冲击韧性, 疲劳裂纹扩展

Abstract: The issue of fatigue and fracture in high-strength steel has always been a hot research direction due to long time service under cyclic loading. Accurately evaluating the fatigue life and monitoring the service status of high-strength steel are crucial to ensure the safe operation of large equipment. With the development of fracture mechanics, damage tolerance design has become a significant fatigue fracture control method in industrial fields such as aviation, aerospace, nuclear power and high-speed railway. As the key parameters in damage tolerance design, accurately understanding of evaluation methods for fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth plays a significant connecting role in solving the bottleneck problem of integrity and reliability research on large components. In this study, the classification and failure of high-strength steels are firstly reviewed. Then, the characterization forms of fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth are analyzed. The small-sample methods for estimating fracture toughness are systematically elaborated from the size effect and energy criterion. The research progress on the quantitative relationship between tensile properties, impact toughness and fracture toughness are discussed. The models and methods of fatigue crack growth in the near-threshold region, steady-state region and whole-stage region are illustrated respectively. Additionally, the stress ratio and size effect on the fatigue crack growth of high-strength steel are emphasized. Finally, several open problems in the field of fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth are addressed for future studies.

Key words: high-strength steel, tensile strength, fracture toughness, impact toughness, fatigue crack growth

中图分类号:

TG142

李鹤飞, 张鹏, 张哲峰. 高强钢断裂韧性与疲劳裂纹扩展评价方法研究进展[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(16): 18-31.

LI Hefei, ZHANG Peng, ZHANG Zhefeng. Research Progress on Evaluation Methods of Fracture Toughness and Fatigue Crack Growth in High-strength Steel[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(16): 18-31.

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高强钢断裂韧性与疲劳裂纹扩展评价方法研究进展

Research Progress on Evaluation Methods of Fracture Toughness and Fatigue Crack Growth in High-strength Steel

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