5356铝合金过渡端框电弧增材制造及组织与性能

doi:10.3901/JME.2020.08.028

机械工程学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (8): 28-36.doi: 10.3901/JME.2020.08.028

• 特邀专栏：轻质材料焊接与连接 • 上一篇下一篇

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5356铝合金过渡端框电弧增材制造及组织与性能

高炼玲, 余圣甫, 禹润缜, 何天英, 史玉升

华中科技大学材料科学与工程学院武汉 430074

收稿日期:2019-08-14 修回日期:2019-10-08 出版日期:2020-04-20 发布日期:2020-05-28
通讯作者: 余圣甫(通信作者),男,1962年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为焊接冶金、电弧增材制造。E-mail:yushengfu@hust.edu.cn
作者简介:高炼玲,女,1994年出生。主要研究方向为电弧增材制造。E-mail:1312430919@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划资助项目（2017YFB1103200）。

Study on Arc Additive Manufacturing Process and Properties of 5356 Aluminum Alloy Rocket Booster Module Transition End Frame

GAO Lianling, YU Shengfu, YU Runzhen, HE Tianying, SHI Yusheng

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074

Received:2019-08-14 Revised:2019-10-08 Online:2020-04-20 Published:2020-05-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究电弧熔丝增材制造5356铝合金运载火箭过渡端框工艺，探讨不同热输入与热处理温度对堆积金属组织与性能的影响，增材制造了过渡端框模拟件。结果表明，5356铝合金的显微组织主要为α（Al）相基体与β（Al₈Mg₅）增强相。增材制造过程中的热输入从113.4 J/mm增加至356.4 J/mm时，5356铝合金中α（Al）相晶界处的粗大β（Al₈Mg₅）相增多，导致金属抗拉强度、延伸率均显著降低。固溶处理有利于提高5356铝合金的力学性能。固溶处理温度由350℃提高至450℃时，5356铝合金中的α（Al）相晶粒细化，其晶内的细粒状β（Al₈Mg₅）相增多并呈弥散分布，且α（Al）相晶界处的β（Al₈Mg₅）相减少，使得细晶强化与沉淀强化效果逐渐显著，5356铝合金强度及韧性提高。根据5356铝合金过渡端框的结构特点，将其划分为底部支撑圆环、环-扇形组、环-加强筋组3个区域依次增材制造。为了减少成形件的变形，改变底部支撑圆环增材制造的起弧位置，环-扇形组采用对称分块成形。对成形的5356铝合金过渡端框模拟件进行三维尺寸测量，结构误差在3.58 mm之内，具有较高的成形精度。

关键词: 5356铝合金, 电弧增材制造, 过渡端框, 组织与性能, 热输入, 固溶处理

Abstract: The arc additive manufacturing process of 5356 aluminum alloy used on rocket booster module transition end frame is investigated. The effects of various heat-input and heat treatment temperature on microstructures and properties of deposited metal are discussed, respectively. Then a solid simulating part of transition end frame is additively manufactured. The experimental results show that the microstructures of 5356 aluminum alloy are mainly:α(Al) matrix and reinforcing-phase β(Al₈Mg₅). As the heat-input lifts from 113.4 J/mm to 356.4 J/mm during the manufacturing, the coarse β(Al₈Mg₅) in 5356 aluminum distributed at the grain boundary of α(Al) increase, which leads to a decrease in tensile strength and elongation. The solution treatment for deposited metal is beneficial to the improvement of its mechanical properties. With solution treatment temperature raising from 350℃ to 450℃, the α(Al) grains in 5356 aluminum alloy get refined and their intracrystalline fine β(Al₈Mg₅) show more precipitation, simultaneously, the coarse β(Al₈Mg₅) distributed at α(Al) grain boundary are reduced, which effectively facilitates the fine-grain strengthening and precipitation strengthening responsible for the strength and toughness lifting of 5356 aluminum alloy. The 5356 aluminum alloy transitional end frame is divided into three parts, namely, bottom supporting ring, ring-fan group and ring-rib group, to additively manufacture in order according to its structural characteristics. In order to reduce the deformation of the formed part, the arc-starting position of additive manufacturing of the bottom supporting ring is changed, and the symmetrical piecemeal forming is carried out on ring-fan group. Three-dimensional measurement of the formed 5356 aluminum alloy transition end frame simulation part shows that the structural error is within 3.58 mm, indicating a high forming precision.

Key words: 5356 aluminum alloy, arc additive manufacturing, transition end frame, microstructures and properties, heat-input, solution treatment

中图分类号:

TG47

高炼玲, 余圣甫, 禹润缜, 何天英, 史玉升. 5356铝合金过渡端框电弧增材制造及组织与性能[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(8): 28-36.

GAO Lianling, YU Shengfu, YU Runzhen, HE Tianying, SHI Yusheng. Study on Arc Additive Manufacturing Process and Properties of 5356 Aluminum Alloy Rocket Booster Module Transition End Frame[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 56(8): 28-36.

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5356铝合金过渡端框电弧增材制造及组织与性能

Study on Arc Additive Manufacturing Process and Properties of 5356 Aluminum Alloy Rocket Booster Module Transition End Frame

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