高速动车组齿轮传动系统振动特性

doi:10.3901/JME.2019.18.104

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 齿轮传动系统是高速动车组传递动力的关键结构，对车辆运行安全性和结构振动及其受载特性有重要影响，研究高速列车传动系统的动力学性能对提升高速动车组技术、提高车辆系统稳定性和安全性等具有重要意义。采用有限元法、自由度缩减理论以及多体动力学理论，建立了包含齿轮传动系统振动的国内某型高速动车组刚柔耦合系统动力学模型。模型中，车体和轮对处理为刚体，构架和齿轮副处理为弹性体。在验证模型齿轮副啮合特性基础上，研究了多种工况下传动系统的动力学性能及其与车辆系统主要部件之间的动态相互作用，获得了传动系统载荷及其对车辆系统主要部件振动的影响特性。结果表明，轨道激扰和车辆运行速度对传动系统振动有明显影响，传动系统振动对构架、齿轮箱以及电动机振动等有一定的影响。建立的高速车辆-传动系统耦合振动模型，突破了传统轨道车辆动力学模型模式，对深入研究高速动车组传动系统振动特性具有重要作用。

关键词: 高速动车组系统动力学模型, 传动系统动力学模型, 齿轮啮合, 载荷, 振动

Abstract: The gear transmission system of the railway vehicle is the key part to transmit power for the Electric Multiple Unit(EMU). Its dynamic vibration affect the operation safety and the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle. It is necessary to study the dynamic characteristics of transmission system of the high-speed EMU to obtain the forces and accelerations of the gears. Based on the parameters of a certain type of CRH, a rigid-flexible coupling dynamics model of railway vehicle is established. A flexible transmission system dynamics model is setup and it is included in the vehicle system dynamics model. With numerical method, the dynamics of the transmission system is obtained. The simulation results show that the forces acted on the gears get larger when the operation speed of the vehicle increases. The vibration of the transmission system affect the vibrations of the bogie frame, motor and gearbox, but has hardly effects on the vibration of the carbody because of the secondary suspension system and the huge mass of the carbody. The new railway vehicle-gear transmission coupling dynamics model is useful to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the gear transmission system of the high-speed train.

Key words: high speed EMU dynamics model, transmission system dynamics model, gear meshing, forces, vibration

中图分类号:

U270

孙刚, 任尊松, 辛欣, 魏雪. 高速动车组齿轮传动系统振动特性[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(18): 104-111.

SUN Gang, REN Zunsong, XIN Xin, WEI Xue. Dynamics of Gear Transmission System of High-speed Vehicle[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2019, 55(18): 104-111.

参考文献

[1] 张建全,陶功安,孔媛媛,等. 牵引力对城轨车辆动力学性能的影响[J]. 机械工程与自动化,2017(3):22-24. ZHANG Jianquan,TAO Gongan,KONG Yuanyuan,et al. Effect of traction force on dynamic performance of mass transit vehicles[J]. Mechanical Engineering & Automation,2017(3):22-24.
[2] 任尊松. 车辆动力学基础[M]. 北京:中国铁道出版社,2009. REN Zunsong. Foundation of railway vehicle dynamics[D]. Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,2009.
[3] 任尊松,孙守光,李强,等. 构架结构振动与动态应力仿真研究[J]. 机械工程学报,2004,40(8):187-192. REN Zunsong,SUN Shouguang,LI Qiang,et al. Simulation of railway bogie dynamic stress and elastic vibration[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2004,40(8):187-192.
[4] 王文静,孙守光,李强. 柔性构架的动应力仿真[J]. 铁道学报,2006,28(1):44-49. WANG Wenjing,SUN Shoiuguang,LI Qiang. Dynamic stress simulation of flexible bogie frame[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2006,28(1):44-49.
[5] REN Zunsong. Study on the multi-point of the high speed vehicle-turnout system dynamics. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,26(3):518-525.
[6] CHEN Zaigang,ZHAI Wanming,WANG Kaiyun. Dynamic investigation of a locomotive with effect of gear transmissions under tractive conditions[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2017,408:220-233.
[7] HU Weigang,LIU Zhiming,LIU Dekun,et al. Fatigue failure analysis of high speed train gearbox housings[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis,2017,73:57-71.
[8] TANG Zhaoping,TANG Shuai,SUN Jianping,et al. Multi-condition contact stress analysis of high speed train helical gear[J]. Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering,2016,44(4):193-200.
[9] AL-SHYYABA A,KAHRAMAN A. Non-linear dynamic analysis of a multi-mesh gear train using multi-term harmonic balance method:sub-harmonic motions[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2005,279:417-451.
[10] WANG Junguo,HE Guangyue,ZHANG Jie,et al. Nonlinear dynamics analysis of the spur gear system for railway locomotive[J]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2017,85:41-55.
[11] 张睿,张义民,朱丽莎,等. 齿轮传动激励下采煤机摇臂振动特性[J]. 东北大学学报,2018(1):108-111,117. ZHANG Rui,ZHANG Yimin,ZHU Lisha,et al. Vibration characteristics for the rocker arm of shearer with gear meshing excitation[J]. Journal of Northeast University,2018(1):108-111,117.
[12] 杨军. 齿轮系统轮齿啮合过程的动力学分析[J]. 机械传动,2011(8):29-34. YANG Jun. Dynamics analysis of tooth meshing process of gear system[J]. Mechanical Transmission,2011(8):29-34.
[13] 金思勤,赵永强,李枫,等. 高速动车组齿轮箱加载试验及故障诊断研究[J]. 机车车辆工艺,2014(4):1-3. JIN Siqin,ZHAO Yongqiang,LI Feng,et al. Research on load test and failure diagnosis of the gearbox for high speed EMU[J]. Locomotive and Rolling Stock Technology,2014(4):1-3.
[14] 陆正刚,胡用生. 基于刚柔耦合系统的关键零部件动应力仿真和疲劳寿命计算[J]. 铁道车辆,2006,44(1):6-11. LU Zhenggang,HU Yongsheng. Dynamic stress simulation and fatigue life calculation of key parts &components based on rigid flexible coupling system[J]. Rolling Stock,2006,44(1):6-11.
[15] 王燕,刘建新,李淼. 计及齿轮时变啮合刚度的机车驱动系统振动稳定性[J]. 振动与冲击,2017(16):100-105. WANG Yan,LIU Jianxin,LI Miao. Vibration stability for a locomotive driving system with time-varying mesh stiffness of gears[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017(16):100-105.
[16] 李添翼,武志斐,王铁,等. 基于Workbench的齿轮啮合振动分析[J]. 科学技术与工程,2017(24):49-54. LI Tianyi,WU Zhifei,WANG Tie,et al. Analysis of gear meshing vibration based on workbench[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2017(24):49-54.
[17] 程广利,朱石坚,黄映云,等. 齿轮箱振动测试与分析[J]. 海军工程大学学报,2004(6):83-88. CHENG Guangli,ZHU Shijian,HUANG Yingyun,et al. Vibration measurement and analysis of gearbox[J]. Journal of Naval University of Engineering,2004(6):83-88.
[18] 许思思,黄冠华,姜海博,等. 高速列车齿轮箱振动烈度评价方法探讨[J]. 铁道技术监督,2017(11):30-32,49. XU Sisi,HUANG Guanhua,JIANG Haibo,et al. Evaluate the gearbox vibration severity of high speed train[J]. Railway Quality Control,2017(11):30-32,49.
[19] 安妮,徐建民. 齿轮箱振动的故障诊断与分析[J]. 武汉工程大学学报,2011(12):70-72,88. AN Ni,XU Jianmin. Fault diagnosis and analysis of vibration of gearbox[J]. Journal of Wuhan Institute Technology,2011(12):70-72,88.
[20] 孙刚. 高速列车传动系统动力学研究[D]. 北京:北京交通大学,2018. SUN Gang. Study on dynamic performance of high speed vehicle transmission system[D]. Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2018.