工业大模型驱动的航空智能制造AI孪生控制方法体系

doi:10.3901/JME.260228

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (5): 61-73.doi: 10.3901/JME.260228

• 特邀专栏：信息驱动的总装拉动生产模式、技术及应用 • 上一篇

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工业大模型驱动的航空智能制造AI孪生控制方法体系

许鸿伟^1,2, 刘丽兰^1,2, 张洁³, 秦威⁴, 邢宏文⁵, 汪玮⁵, 刘思仁⁵, 吕佑龙³

1. 上海大学机电工程与自动化学院上海 200444;
2. 上海市智能制造及机器人重点实验室上海 200444;
3. 东华大学人工智能研究院上海 201620;
4. 上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院上海 200240;
5. 上海飞机制造有限公司上海 201324

收稿日期:2025-05-16 修回日期:2025-11-04 发布日期:2026-04-23
作者简介:许鸿伟,男,1995年出生,博士,博士后,助理研究员。主要研究方向为复杂系统制造过程质量控制、工业大数据分析与智能人机协作。E-mail:hongwei_xu@shu.edu.cn
刘丽兰,女,1975年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为数字孪生、航空航天装备质量控制。E-mail:lancy@shu.edu.cn
邢宏文(通信作者),男,1984年出生,研究员。主要研究方向为航空智能制造、先进装配技术。E-mail:xinghongwen@comac.cc
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(52505565)、上海市科学技术委员会优秀技术带头人计划(23XD1431500)、中国博士后科学基金(2025M770789)和国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZB20250346)资助项目。

AI Twin Control Method System for Aeronautical Intelligent Manufacturing Driven by Industrial Large Models

XU Hongwei^1,2, LIU Lilan^1,2, ZHANG Jie³, QIN Wei⁴, XING Hongwen⁵, WANG Wei⁵, LIU Siren⁵, Lü Youlong³

1. School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444;
2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai 200444;
3. Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620;
4. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240;
5. Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201324

Received:2025-05-16 Revised:2025-11-04 Published:2026-04-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对航空智能制造中数据-知识协同效率低、装配偏差溯源困难、工艺参数优化滞后及虚实交互验证不足等关键问题，本研究提出一种以工业大模型为认知引擎的AI孪生控制方法体系，构建覆盖“感知-诊断-决策-验证”的数字孪生闭环控制框架。通过知识图谱网络化关联建模，实现多源异构数据的语义融合与动态推理，打造航空制造工业大模型语料库，形成具备自主演化能力的专业知识底座；开发面向多场景智能决策闭环的工业大模型算法库，利用贝叶斯因果推断解析装配偏差的多层级耦合诱因，结合增量集成学习实现多源耦合偏差的动态演化预测，基于迁移强化学习突破跨场景参数优化瓶颈；最终通过数字孪生技术构建虚实双向驱动的验证闭环。以某型号民用客机机身壁板装配为验证对象的结果表明，所提方法能够显著提升长桁自动装配精度，长桁一次装调成功率较传统方法提升24%；实现钻铆质量实时检测，连续钻铆缺陷识别准确率达98%。该研究通过构建与演化领域知识底座，深度驱动了从偏差因果溯源到孪生验证的全流程闭环，实现了制造决策从经验驱动到模型认知驱动的范式跃迁。

关键词: 工业大模型, 数字孪生, 偏差累积传递, 贝叶斯因果推断, 工艺参数优化

Abstract: To address key challenges in aviation intelligent manufacturing, such as low data-knowledge collaboration efficiency, difficulties in tracing assembly deviation sources, lagging process parameter optimization, and insufficient virtual-real interactive verification, this study proposes an AI twin control methodology framework with industrial large models as the cognitive engine, and constructs a digital twin closed-loop control framework covering the entire "perception-diagnosis-decision-verification" process. Through networked associative modeling of knowledge graphs, semantic fusion and dynamic reasoning of multi-source heterogeneous data are realized, an industrial large model corpus for aviation manufacturing is established, and a professional knowledge base with autonomous evolution capabilities is formed. An industrial large model algorithm library for multi-scenario intelligent decision closed-loops is developed: Bayesian causal inference is used to analyze multi-level coupled causes of assembly deviations; incremental ensemble learning is integrated to achieve dynamic evolution prediction of multi-source coupled deviations; and transfer reinforcement learning is applied to break through the bottleneck of cross-scenario parameter optimization. Finally, a virtual-real bidirectional driven verification closed-loop is built using digital twin technology. Verification results based on the fuselage panel assembly of a certain type of civil aircraft show that the proposed method significantly improves the automatic assembly accuracy of stringers, with the one-time assembly and adjustment success rate of stringers increased by 24% compared with traditional methods. It also enables real-time inspection of drilling and riveting quality, achieving an accuracy rate of 98% in identifying continuous drilling and riveting defects. By constructing and evolving a domain-specific knowledge base, this study deeply drives the full-process closed-loop from deviation causal tracing to twin verification, and realizes a paradigm shift in manufacturing decision-making from experience-driven to model cognition-driven.

Key words: industrial large models, digital twin, deviation accumulation and transmission, Bayesian causal inference, process parameter optimization

中图分类号:

TH166

许鸿伟, 刘丽兰, 张洁, 秦威, 邢宏文, 汪玮, 刘思仁, 吕佑龙. 工业大模型驱动的航空智能制造AI孪生控制方法体系[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(5): 61-73.

XU Hongwei, LIU Lilan, ZHANG Jie, QIN Wei, XING Hongwen, WANG Wei, LIU Siren, Lü Youlong. AI Twin Control Method System for Aeronautical Intelligent Manufacturing Driven by Industrial Large Models[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(5): 61-73.

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链接本文: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/10.3901/JME.260228

http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I5/61

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工业大模型驱动的航空智能制造AI孪生控制方法体系

AI Twin Control Method System for Aeronautical Intelligent Manufacturing Driven by Industrial Large Models

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