Research Progress on Notch Effect of High Temperature Components under Creep-fatigue Loading

doi:10.3901/JME.2015.24.024

Abstract

Abstract: With the energy shortage problem more and more serious, the research and development of the high-end equipment (high temperature, high pressure, etc.) is an important measure for energy saving and loss reducing, such as the ultra supercritical steam turbine, aircraft engine and so on. In practical engineering, the failure of much equipment, including the ultra-supercritical steam turbine and aircraft engine, usually originates from notch and some other local structural discontinuities. Its strength analysis and design under complex loadings, such as creep-fatigue loadings, are the main research emphasis and difficulties. In this work, several aspects of notched components subjected to creep-fatigue loading are reviewed, including experimental studies, constitutive equations, life prediction models, numerical analyses and design criteria. Main research progresses are as follows：Some new constitutive models under creep-fatigue loading and their applications, new models and methods for high temperature strength and life analyses, study on simplified model test (SMT) approach and strength criteria of high temperature components under creep-fatigue loading. Current problems and research prospects in future are summarized. The work can provide some technical support and references for strength analysis and design of the high-end equipment under creep-fatigue and other complicated loadings.

Key words: constitutive model, creep-fatigue, evaluation criteria, life prediction, notch effect

GONG Jianguo, WEN Jianfeng, XUAN Fuzhen. Research Progress on Notch Effect of High Temperature Components under Creep-fatigue Loading[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 51(24): 24-40.

References

[1] 涂善东. 高温结构完整性原理[M]. 北京：科学出版社，2003.TU Shandong. High temperature structural integrity[M]. Beijing：Science Press，2003.
[2] 轩福贞，涂善东，王正东. 含裂纹结构时间相关的疲劳断裂理论与剩余寿命评价技术[J]. 力学进展，2006，35(3)：391-403.XUAN Fuzhen，TU Shandong，WANG Zhengdong. Time-dependent fatigue fracture theory and residual life assessment techniques for defective structures[J]. Advances in Mechanics，2006，35(3)：391-403.
[3] 蒋家羚，陈凌，范志超，等. 疲劳-蠕变交互作用的寿命预测探讨[J]. 材料研究学报，2007，21(5)：537-541.JIANG Jialing，CHEN Ling，FAN Zhichao，et al. Discussion of life prediction for fatigue-creep interaction[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research，2007，21(5)：537-541.
[4] 荆建平，孟光. 汽轮机转子疲劳-蠕变损伤的非线性损伤力学分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报，2003，23(9)：167-172.JING Jianping，MENG Guang. On the fatigue-creep damage analysis of a steam turbine rotor by a nonlinear continuum damage mechanics model[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE，2003，23(9)：167-172.
[5] 施惠基，马显锋，于涛. 高温结构材料的蠕变和疲劳研究的一些新进展[J]. 固体力学学报，2010，31(6)：696-715. SHI Huiji，MA Xianfeng，YU Tao. Some new progresses on the research of creep and fatigue behaviors of high temperature structural materials[J]. Chinese Journal of Solid Mechanics，2010，31(6)：696-715.
[6] 姚卫星. 结构疲劳寿命分析[M]. 北京：国防工业出版社，2002. YAO Weixing. Fatigue life prediction of structures[M]. Beijing：National Defense Industry Press，2002.
[7] GOYAL S，LAHA K，DAS C R，et al. Effect of constraint on creep behavior of 9Cr-1Mo steel[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A，2014，45A(2)：619-632.
[8] ISOBE N，YASHIRODAI K，MURATA K. Creep damage assessment for notched bar specimens of a low alloy steel considering stress multiaxiality[J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics，2014，123：211-222.
[9] YU Q M，WANG Y L，WEN Z X，et al. Notch effect and its mechanism during creep rupture of nickel-base single crystal superalloys[J]. Materials Science and Engineering：A，2009，520：1-10.
[10] LUKAS P，PRECLIK P，CADEK J. Notch effects on creep behaviour of CMSX-4 superalloy single crystals[J]. Materials Science and Engineering：A，2001，298(1-2)：84-89.
[11] LIU D S，WEN Z X，YUE Z F. Creep damage mechanism and gamma'-phase morphology of a V-notched round bar in Ni-based single crystal superalloys[J]. Materials Science and Engineering：A，2014，605：215-221.
[12] HYDE T H，BECKER A A，SONG Y，et al. Failure estimation of TIG butt-welded Inco718 sheets at 620 degrees C under creep and plasticity conditions[J]. Computational Materials Science，2006，35(1)：35-41.
[13] HYDE T H，XIA L，BECKER A A. Prediction of creep failure in aeroengine materials under multi-axial stress states[J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences，1996，38(4)：385-401.
[14] KONISH H J. Simplified estimation of creep-rupture strength for notched tensile specimens of austenitic stainless steels[J]. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology，1988，110(3)：314-321.
[15] GANESAN V，GANESH K J，LAHA K，et al. Notch creep rupture strength of 316LN SS and its variation with nitrogen content[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design，2013，254：179-184.
[16] HA J，TABUCHI M，HONGO H，et al. Creep crack growth properties for 12CrWCoB rotor steel using circular notched specimens[J]. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping，2004，81(5)：401-407.
[17] CURBISHLEY I，PILKINGTON R，LLOYD G J. Macroscopic creep crack growth in type 316 stainless steel. II. Effect of geometric constraint[J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics，1986，23(2)：383-400.
[18] TABUCHI M，ADACHI T，YOKOBORI Jr A T，et al. Evaluation of creep crack growth properties using circular notched specimens[J]. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping，2003，80(7)：417-425.
[19] GOYAL S，LAHA K. Creep life prediction of 9Cr-1Mo steel under multiaxial state of stress [J]. Materials Science and Engineering：A，2014，615：348-360.
[20] KUMAR J G，GANESAN V，VIJAYANAND V D，et al. Creep behaviour of 316L (N) SS in the presence of notch[J]. Procedia Engineering，2013，55：534-541.
[21] GOYAL S，LAHA K，DAS C R，et al. Finite element analysis of uniaxial and multiaxial state of stress on creep rupture behaviour of 2.25 Cr–1Mo steel[J]. Materials Science and Engineering：A，2013，563：68-77.
[22] MERAH N. Notch-strengthening phenomenon under creep-fatigue loading conditions[J]. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology，2000，122(2)：15-21.
[23] SHI D Q，HU X A，WANG J K，et al. Effect of notch on fatigue behaviour of a directionally solidified superalloy at high temperature[J]. Fatigue & Fracture Engineering Material & Structures，2013，36(12)：1288-1297.
[24] 杨晓光，黄佳，王井科，等. 定向凝固镍基高温合金缺口低循环疲劳性能及寿命预测[J]. 航空学报，2013，34(7)：1596-1604. YANG Xiaoguang，HUANG Jia，WANG Jingke，et al. Properties and life prediction of low cycle fatigue behavior on notched DS Ni-based superalloy[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica，2013，34(7)：1596-1604.
[25] CHEN Q，KAWAGOISHI N，NISITANI H. Evaluation of notched fatigue strength at elevated temperature by linear notch mechanics[J]. International Journal of Fatigue，1999，21(9)：925-931.
[26] YUAN S H，WANG Y R，WEI D S. Experimental investigation on low cycle fatigue and fracture behavior of a notched Ni-based superalloy at elevated temperature[J]. Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures，2014，37(9)：1001-1012.
[27] BUBPHACHOT B，WATANABE O，KAWASAKI N，et al. Crack initiation process for semicircular notched plate in fatigue test at elevated temperature[J]. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology，2011，133(3)：031403.
[28] BERTO F，GALLO P，LAZZARIN P. High temperature fatigue tests of un-notched and notched specimens made of 40CrMoV13.9 steel[J]. Materials & Design，2014，63：609-619.
[29] FILIPPINI M. Notched fatigue strength of single crystals at high temperature[J]. Procedia Engineering，2011，10：3787-3792.
[30] 周天朋，杨晓光，候贵仓，等. DZ125 带小孔构件低循环/保载疲劳试验与分析[J]. 航空动力学报，2007，22(9)：1526-1531. ZHOU Tianpeng，YANG Xiaoguang，HOU Guicang，et al. Experimental analysis of low-cycle and creep fatigue for directionally solidified DZ125 with a hole[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power，2007，22(9)：1526-1531.
[31] 周天朋，杨晓光，石多奇，等. DZ125光滑试样与小孔构件低循环/保载疲劳寿命建模[J]. 航空动力学报，2008，23(2)：276-280.ZHOU Tianpeng，YANG Xiaoguang，SHI Duoqi，et al. Modeling of low-cycle and creep fatigue life for DZ125 smooth specimens and small hole components[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power，2008，23(2)：276-280.
[32] SAKANE M，OHNAMI M，AWAYA T，et al. Frequency and hold-Time effects on low cycle fatigue life of notched specimens at elevated temperature[J]. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology，1989，111(1)：54-60.
[33] ANDO M，HIROSE Y，KARATO T，et al. Comparison and assessment of the creep-fatigue evaluation methods with notched specimen made of Mod. 9Cr-1Mo steel[J]. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology，2014，136(4)：041406.
[34] HUANG J，YANG X，SHI D，et al. Systematic methodology for high temperature LCF life prediction of smooth and notched Ni-based superalloy with and without dwells[J]. Computational Materials Science，2014，89：65-74.
[35] PONTER A R S，CHEN H，WILLIS M R，et al. Fatigue-creep and plastic collapse of notched bars[J]. Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Material & Structures，2004，27(4)：305-318.
[36] SAKANE M，OHNAMI M. A study on the notch effect on the low cycle fatigue of metals in creep-fatigue interacting conditions at elevated temperature[J]. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology，1983，105(2)：75-80.
[37] NOZAKI M，ZHANG S D，SAKANE M. Notch effect on creep-fatigue life for Sn-3.5Ag solder[J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics，2011，78(8)：1794-1807.
[38] KASAHARA N. Strain concentration at structural discontinuities and its prediction based on characteristics of compliance change in structures[J]. JSME International Journal Series A，2001，44(3)：354-361.
[39] KASAHARA N，FURUHASHI I. Control mechanisms of stress redistribution locus in structures[C]//ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers，2006：393-400.
[40] KASAHARA N. Strain concentration mechanism during stress relaxation process and its prediction[C]//The 7th International Conference on Creep and Fatigue at Elevated Temperatures (CREEP7)，SA-12-3 (006). 2001：625-629.
[41] ANDO M，HIROSE Y，KARATO T，et al. Comparison of creep-fatigue evaluation methods with notched specimens made of Mod.9cr-1Mo Steel[C]//Proceedings of the ASME Pressure and Piping Conference，2011，6(A and B)：177-187.
[42] CHABOCHE J L，ROUSSELIER G. On the plastic and viscoplastic constitutive equations—Part I：Rules developed with internal variable concept[J]. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology，1983，105(2)：153-158.
[43] TONG J，ZHAN Z L，VERMEULEN B. Modelling of cyclic plasticity and viscoplasticity of a nickel-based alloy using Chaboche constitutive equations[J]. International Journal of Fatigue，2004，26(8)：829-837.
[44] ZHAN Z L，TONG J. A study of cyclic plasticity and viscoplasticity in a new nickel-based superalloy using unified constitutive equations. Part I：evaluation and determination of material parameters[J]. Mechanics of Materials，2007，39(1)：64-72.
[45] TONG J，VERMEULEN B. The description of cyclic plasticity and viscoplasticity of waspaloy using unified constitutive equations[J]. International Journal of Fatigue，2003，25(5)：413-420.
[46] ZHAN Z L，TONG J. A study of cyclic plasticity and viscoplasticity in a new nickel-based superalloy using unified constitutive equations. Part II：Simulation of cyclic stress relaxation[J]. Mechanics of Materials，2007，39(1)：73-80.
[47] STÖCKER C，ZIMMERMANN M，CHRIST H J，et al. Microstructural characterisation and constitutive behaviour of alloy RR1000 under fatigue and creep–fatigue loading conditions[J]. Materials Science and Engineering：A，2009，518(1)：27-34.
[48] YAGUCHI M，YAMAMOTO M，OGATA T. A viscoplastic constitutive model for nickel-base superalloy，part 1：kinematic hardening rule of anisotropic dynamic recovery[J]. International Journal of Plasticity，2002，18(8)：1083-1109.
[49] ZHAN Z，FERNANDO U S，TONG J. Constitutive modelling of viscoplasticity in a nickel-based superalloy at high temperature[J]. International Journal of Fatigue，2008，30(7)：1314-1323.
[50] CHABOCHE J L，DANG V K，CORDIER G. Modelization of the strain memory effect on the cyclic hardening of 316 stainless steel[C/CD]//Proc. 5th SMiRT, Paper L11/3，1979.
[51] CHABOCHE J L. Constitutive equations for cyclic plasticity and cyclic viscoplasticity[J]. International Journal of Plasticity，1989，5(3)：247-302.
[52] OHNO N，KACHI Y. A constitutive model of cyclic plasticity for nonlinear hardening materials[J]. Journal of Applied Mechanics，1986，53(2)：395-403.
[53] 袁善虎，魏大盛，王延荣. FGH97 缺口试样基于黏塑性本构的弹塑性响应分析[J]. 航空动力学报，2012，27(10)：2348-2355. YUAN Shanhu，WEI Dasheng，WANG Yanrong. Analysis of elastoplastic response in FGH97 notched specimens based on viscoplastic constitutive model[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power，2012，27(10)：2348-2355.
[54] CHABOCHE J L. On some modifications of kinematic hardening to improve the description of ratchetting effects[J]. International Journal of Plasticity，1991，7(7)：661-678.
[55] SHI D，DONG C，YANG X. Constitutive modeling and failure mechanisms of anisotropic tensile and creep behaviors of nickel-base directionally solidified superalloy[J]. Materials & Design，2013，45：663-673.
[56] PALMGREN A. Durability of ball bearings[J]. ZVDI，1924，68(14)：339-341.
[57] MINER M A. Cumulative damage in fatigue[J]. Journal of Applied Mechanics，1945，12(3)：159-164.
[58] LAGNEBORG R，ATTERMO R. The effect of combined low-cycle fatigue and creep on the life of austenitic stainless steels[J]. Metallurgical Transactions，1971，2(7)：1821-1827.
[59] BASQUIN O H. The exponential law of endurance tests[C]//Proc. ASTM. 1910，10(Part II)：625-630.
[60] 陈凌，杨铁成，范志超，等. 1.25Cr0.5Mo钢缺口试样高温疲劳蠕变交互作用的试验研究[J]. 压力容器，2005，22(10)：10-13. CHEN Ling，YANG Tiecheng，FAN Zhichao，et al. Experimental research of fatigue-creep interaction on notched specimens of 1.25Cr0.5Mo steel at elevated temperature[J]. Pressure Vessel Technology，2005，22(10)：10-13.
[61] SHIMAKAWA T，NAKAMURA K，KOBAYASHI K I. Sophisticated creep-fatigue life estimation scheme for pressure vessel components based on stress redistribution locus concept[C]//ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers，2004：45-51.
[62] ANDO M，HIROSE Y，DATE S，et al. Verification of the prediction methods of strain range in notched specimens made of Mod. 9Cr-1Mo[C]//ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers，2010：323-334.
[63] MANSON S S，HALFORD G R，HIRSCHBERG M H. Creep-fatigue analysis by strain-range partitioning[C]//First Symposia on Design for Elevated Temperature Environment. ASME，1971：12-28.
[64] NEUBER H. Theory of notch stresses：Principles for exact stress calculation[M]. Michigan：JW Edwards，1946.
[65] PETERSON R E. Notch sensitivity[M]//SINES G，WAISMAN J L. Metal fatigue. New York：McGraw Hill，1959.
[66] TAYLOR D. Geometrical effects in fatigue：A unifying theoretical model[J]. International Journal of Fatigue，1999，21(5)：413-420.
[67] SUSMEL L，TAYLOR D. A novel formulation of the theory of critical distances to estimate lifetime of notched components in the medium-cycle fatigue regime[J]. Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures，2007，30(7)：567-581.
[68] SUSMEL L，TAYLOR D. An elasto-plastic reformulation of the theory of critical distances to estimate lifetime of notched components failing in the low/medium-cycle fatigue regime[J]. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology，2010，132(2)：021002.
[69] SMITH K N，TOPPER T H，WATSON P. A stress-strain function for the fatigue of metals (Stress-strain function for metal fatigue including mean stress effect)[J]. Journal of Materials，1970，5：767-778.
[70] 陈学东，范志超，江慧丰，等. 复杂加载条件下压力容器典型用钢疲劳蠕变寿命预测方法[J]. 机械工程学报，2009，45(2)：81-87.CHEN Xuedong，FAN Zhichao，JIANG Huifeng，et al. Creep-fatigue life prediction methods of pressure vessel typical steels under complicated loading conditions[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2009，45(2)：81-87.
[71] 陈学东，范志超，陈凌，等. 三种疲劳蠕变交互作用寿命预测模型的比较及其应用[J]. 机械工程学报，2007，43(1)：62-68.CHEN Xuedong，FAN Zhichao，CHEN Ling，et al. Comparison among three fatigue-creep interaction life prediction models and their applications[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2007，43(1)：62-68.
[72] JEONG C Y，CHOI B G，NAM S W. Normalized life prediction in terms of stress relaxation behavior under creep-fatigue interaction[J]. Materials Letters，2001，49(1)：20-24.
[73] NAM S W，LEE S C，LEE J M. The effect of creep cavitation on the fatigue life under creep-fatigue interaction[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design，1995，153(2)：213-221.
[74] NAM S W. Assessment of damage and life prediction of austenitic stainless steel under high temperature creep–fatigue interaction condition[J]. Materials Science and Engineering：A，2002，322(1)：64-72.
[75] JIANG H，CHEN X，FAN Z，et al. A new empirical life prediction method for stress controlled fatigue–creep interaction[J]. Materials Letters，2008，62(24)：3951-3953.
[76] FAN Z，CHEN X，CHEN L，et al. An equivalent strain energy density life prediction model[J]. Journal of Pressure Equipment and Systems，2007，5：105-109.
[77] FAN Z，CHEN X，CHEN L，et al. Prediction method of fatigue-creep interaction life based on ductility exhaustion theory[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica，2006，42(4)：415-420.
[78] ZHU S P，HUANG H Z，LI H，et al. A new ductility exhaustion model for high temperature low cycle fatigue life prediction of turbine disk alloys[J]. International Journal of Turbo and Jet Engines，2011，28(2)：119-131.
[79] CHEN L，JIANG J，FAN Z，et al. A new model for life prediction of fatigue-creep interaction[J]. International Journal of Fatigue，2007，29(4)：615-619.
[80] SHANG D G，SUN G Q，YAN C L，et al. Creep-fatigue life prediction under fully-reversed multiaxial loading at high temperatures[J]. International Journal of Fatigue，2007，29(4)：705-712.
[81] ANDO M，HASEBE S，KOBAYASHI S，et al. Thermal transient test and strength evaluation of a tubesheet structure made of Mod.9Cr-1Mo steel. Part II：Creep-fatigue strength evaluation[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design，2014，275：422-432.
[82] YAGUCHI M，TAKAHASHI Y. Ratchetting of viscoplastic material with cyclic softening，part 1：experiments on modified 9Cr-1Mo steel[J]. International Journal of Plasticity，2005，21(1)：43-65.
[83] YAGUCHI M，TAKAHASHI Y. Ratchetting of viscoplastic material with cyclic softening，part 2：Application of constitutive models[J]. International Journal of Plasticity，2005，21(4)：835-860.
[84] WANG WZ，BUHL P，KLENK A. A unified viscoplastic constitutive model with damage for multi-axial creep-fatigue loading[J]. International Journal of Damage Mechanics，2015，24(3)：363-382.
[85] WANG P，CUI L，SCHOLZ A，et al. Multiaxial thermomechanical creep-fatigue analysis of heat-resistant steels with varying chromium contents[J]. International Journal of Fatigue, 2014，67：220-227.
[86] SHENOY M M，GORDON A P，MCDOWELL D L，et al. Thermomechanical fatigue behavior of a directionally solidified Ni-base superalloy[J]. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology，2005，127(3)：325-336.
[87] CISILINO A P，ALIABADI M H. Three-dimensional boundary element analysis of fatigue crack growth in linear and non-linear fracture problems[J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics，1999，63(6)：713-733.
[88] DI PISA C，ALIABADI M H. Fatigue crack growth analysis of assembled plate structures with dual boundary element method[J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics，2013，98：200-213.
[89] PROVIDAKIS C P. Creep analysis of V-notched metallic plates：Boundary element method[J]. Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics，1999，32(1)：1-7.
[90] PINEDA LEÓN E，RODRÍGUEZ-CASTELLANOS A，FLORES-GUZMÁN N，et al. Combined plasticity and creep analysis in 2D by means of the boundary element method[J]. Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements，2013，37(11)：1436-1444.
[91] SKELTON R P，GANDY D. Creep–fatigue damage accumulation and interaction diagram based on metallographic interpretation of mechanisms[J]. Materials at High Temperatures，2008，25(1)：27-54.
[92] American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 2013 ASME boiler & pressure vessel code，III-NH，Class 1 components in elevated temperature service[S]. New York：ASME，2013.
[93] TAKAHASHI Y. Study on creep-fatigue evaluation procedures for high-chromium steels—Part I：Test results and life prediction based on measured stress relaxation[J]. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping，2008，85(6)：406-422.
[94] TAKAHASHI Y，DOGAN B，GANDY D. Systematic evaluation of creep-fatigue life prediction methods for various alloys[J]. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology，2013，135：061204.
[95] OLDHAM J，ABOU-HANNA J. A numerical investigation of creep-fatigue life prediction utilizing hysteresis energy as a damage parameter[J]. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping，2011(81)：149-157.
[96] CHEN H F，PONTER A R S. Linear matching method on the evaluation of plastic and creep behaviours for bodies subjected to cyclic thermal and mechanical loading[J]. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering，2006，68(1)：13-32.
[97] CHEN H F，CHEN W H，URE J. A direct method on the evaluation of cyclic steady state of structures with creep effect[J]. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology，2014，136：061404.
[98] GORASH Y，CHEN H F. Creep-fatigue life assessment of cruciform weldments using the linear matching method[J]. International Journal of Pressure Vessel and Piping，2013，104：1-13.
[99] JETTER R I. An alternate approach to evaluation of creep-fatigue damage for high temperature structural design criteria[C/CD]//ASME 1998 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference，1998.
[100] KOBATAKE K，OHTA H，ISHIYAMA H，et al. An alternate approach to creep-fatigue damage with elastic follow-up for high temperature structural design[J]. Journal of National Fisheries University，1999，48(1)：25-39.
[101] ASAYAMA T，JETTER R I. An overview of creep-fatigue damage evaluation methods and an alternative approach[C/CD]//ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference，2008.
[102] WANG Y，LI T，SHAM T L S，et al. Evaluation of creep-fatigue damage based on simplified model test approach[C/CD]//ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference，2013.