• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

›› 2008, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (9): 183-187.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于材料热特性的轴承预紧力自调节设计方法

杨庆东;王科社;孟玲霞;赵宏林   

  1. 北京信息科技大学机电工程学院;中国石油大学机电工程学院
  • 发布日期:2008-09-15

Design Method of Automatic Adjustment of Bearing Preload Based on Thermal Characteristic of Materials

YANG Qingdong;WANG Keshe;MENG Lingxia;ZHAO Honglin   

  1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of China Peturleum
  • Published:2008-09-15

摘要: 采用滚动轴承支承的机床主轴在转速上升过程中摩擦发热产生温度变化,引起轴承预紧力变化限制了机床转速。提出材料热特性轴承预紧力自动调节方法,该方法是根据温度变化时金属材料受热伸长的特性,通过分析机床主轴转速上升时摩擦功率损耗产生的热量,建立主轴温度场模型。采用有限元计算主轴工作温升引起的热变形,按照两种金属材料受热伸长的差值,建立温差与位移关系的数学模型,并求解应用双金属材料结构设计参数。仿真计算结果表明,通过使用轴承预紧力自调节方法,可以有效地扩大机床转速范围,应用在加工中心的主轴上,主轴最高转速由2.5 kr/min 提高到了3 kr/min,取得了明显的效果。

关键词: 材料热特性, 有限元分析, 轴承预紧力, 自动调节

Abstract: The temperature of machine tool spindle supported by rolling bearings will increase when the rotating speed goes up, which brings the change of bearings preload and restricts the spindle speed. A method is put forward to adjust spindle bearing preload automatically according to the thermal expansion characteristic of materials. Based on the analysis of the heat generated during speed increasing by friction power loss, a temperature field model is built. The spindle thermal-deformation induced by temperature rise is calculated by using finite element analysis, and according to the difference of thermal expansions of two metal materials, a mathematical model of temperature difference versus displacement is established. The solution of the bearing supporting structure design parameters is set up by using two kinds of metal materials with different thermal expansion characteristics. The simulation and calculation results indicate that the spindle speed range can be increased effectively, and the speed increases from 2.5 kr/min to 3 kr/min on a real machining center.

Key words: Automatic adjustment, Finite element analysis, Spindle bearing preload, Thermal expansion characteristics of meterial

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