低压下锥阀振荡空化的可视化试验研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2018.20.139

机械工程学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (20): 139-144.doi: 10.3901/JME.2018.20.139

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低压下锥阀振荡空化的可视化试验研究

闵为, 王东, 郑直, 欧培伟, 冀宏

兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院兰州 730050

收稿日期:2018-03-20 修回日期:2018-08-20 出版日期:2018-10-20 发布日期:2018-10-20
通讯作者: 冀宏(通信作者),男,1972年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为现代液压元件基础理论及应用。E-mail:jihong@lut.cn
作者简介:闵为,男,1978年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为现代液压元件基础理论及应用。E-mail:mw-96@163.com;王东,男,1995年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为现代液压元件基础理论及应用。E-mail:1174991850@qq.com;郑直,男,1979年出生,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为液压元件内的复杂流动。E-mail:zz_bobdylan@aliyun.com;欧培伟,男,1995年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为现代液压元件基础理论及应用。E-mail:289301262@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（51565027，51465033）和国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0304801）资助项目。

Visualization Experiment of Vibration and Cavitation in Poppet Valve under Low Pressure Condition

MIN Wei, WANG Dong, ZHENG Zhi, OU Peiwei, JI Hong

School of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050

Received:2018-03-20 Revised:2018-08-20 Online:2018-10-20 Published:2018-10-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 锥阀是压力控制阀中常用的阀结构形式，其阀芯的轴向振荡直接影响着压力控制阀的调压精度和工作稳定性。针对先导级锥阀，运用可视化的试验方法，研究锥阀在弹簧预压缩量不变且开启压力低于2.5 MPa时的阀芯振荡过程和阀口空化现象。结果表明，阀芯的振荡型态与流量密切相关。在流量低于2.0 L/min的失稳振荡现象中，阀芯会撞击阀座，阀口处流场瞬间断流，大量气泡在阀口尾部快速溃灭，并出现明显的回弹现象；在流量高于2.6 L/min的失稳振荡现象中，阀芯不会撞击阀座，阀口处出现有空化和无空化两种情况，且有空化失稳振荡时的阀芯振动和压力波动幅值明显大于无空化时；流量介于2.0~2.6 L/min时，阀芯的失稳振荡处于过渡区间，撞击阀座和不撞击阀座的现象都可能出现。

关键词: 阀芯碰撞, 高速摄像, 空化, 振荡, 锥阀

Abstract: Poppet valve is commonly used in pressure control valve, additionally, the axial vibration of poppet directly affects regulating precision and working stability of the pressure control valve. In view of pilot-level valve, visual experimental method was used to analyze the vibration process of poppet and the cavitation of valve port when spring pre-compression is constant and opening pressure is under 2.5 MPa. As a result, vibration style of poppet was closely related with flow rate. When flow rate is under 2.0 L/min in unstable vibration, poppet impacted valve seat, the flow at valve port is cut off instantaneously, a mass of bubbles collapse rapidly, and there is obvious rebound phenomenon. When flow rate is greater than 2.6 L/min in unstable vibration, poppet didn't impact valve seat, there is cavitation or non-cavitation at valve port, moreover, the amplitudes of poppet vibration and pressure fluctuation under cavitation are significantly greater than that under non-cavitation. When flow rate is between 2.0-2.6 L/min, the unstable vibration of poppet is in a transition state, in which two phenomena were observed, then, the poppet did or didn't impact valve seat.

Key words: cavitation, high-speed videography, impact, poppet valve, vibration

中图分类号:

TH137

闵为, 王东, 郑直, 欧培伟, 冀宏. 低压下锥阀振荡空化的可视化试验研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(20): 139-144.

MIN Wei, WANG Dong, ZHENG Zhi, OU Peiwei, JI Hong. Visualization Experiment of Vibration and Cavitation in Poppet Valve under Low Pressure Condition[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 54(20): 139-144.

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低压下锥阀振荡空化的可视化试验研究

Visualization Experiment of Vibration and Cavitation in Poppet Valve under Low Pressure Condition

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