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  • ISSN：0577-6686
机械工程学报

机械工程学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (7): 154-163.doi: 10.3901/JME.2017.07.154

• 数字化设计与制造 • 上一篇    下一篇

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液压挖掘机工作机构尺寸变化对其作业性能的
影响规律研究*

范沁红1, 张洪1, 孙明奇1, 姜雪程2, 田保珍3, 杨刚俊1   

  1. 1. 太原科技大学机械工程学院 太原 030024；
    2. 沃尔沃设备建筑技术(中国)有限公司 济南 250000；
    3. 西北工业大学工业设计系 西安 710072
  • 出版日期:2017-04-05 发布日期:2017-04-05
  • 作者简介:

    范沁红，女，1976年出生，博士研究生。主要研究方向为工程机械机构设计与人机工程。

    E-mail：fanqinhong130@sohu.com

    张洪(通信作者)，女，1952年出生，硕士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为工程机械设计理论及其应用研究和工程车辆现代设计方法及动态特征。

    E-mail：zhanghong-ty@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    * 国家自然科学基金(51575370，U1510131，51105264); 20160628收到初稿，20161225收到修改稿;

Research on the Influence of the Size Change of Hydraulic Excavator’s Working Mechanism on the Working Performance

FAN Qinhong1, ZHANG Hong1, SUN Mingqi1, JIANG Xuecheng2, TIAN Baozhen3, YANG Gangjun1   

  1. 1. Heavy Machinery Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education，Taiyuan University of Science and Technology， Taiyuan 030024;
    2. Volvo Construction Equipment(China)Co.， Ltd.， Jinan 250000;
    3. Department of Industrial Design， Northwestern Polytechnical University， Xi’an 710072
  • Online:2017-04-05 Published:2017-04-05

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摘要：

以液压挖掘机的工作区域为对象，针对工作机构尺寸变化对挖掘范围及作业性能指标的影响进行研究，依据性能要求逆向为工作机构尺寸优化设计提供方向策略。分别考虑挖掘作业中的斗杆挖掘和铲斗挖掘典型工况，利用开发的工作装置运动分析软件绘制了相应的挖掘轨迹的包络曲线。分析工作机构中动臂、斗杆、铲斗尺寸变化对整机挖掘作业性能指标的影响规律，同时对工作机构进行动力学分析，并优化复合挖掘力。结果表明：动臂尺寸增加时，最大挖掘深度、挖掘半径分别增幅达5.56%、13.31%，最大挖掘高度、卸载高度增幅分别达51.36%、53.87%。斗杆尺寸增加使其4种主要工作尺寸总体变化率在5%以内，增加幅度较低，其中挖掘高度的相对增幅率是下降的。铲斗尺寸增加，最大挖掘深度增幅最大为2.7%，且相对增幅变化率均匀;最大挖掘高度、挖掘半径总体变化率在1.3%左右，最大卸载高度呈下降趋势。优化后获得较大的挖掘力为532.16 kN较斗杆挖掘和铲斗挖掘有较大的提升，并给出在主要工况下的挖掘路径。

关键词: 工作装置, 机构尺寸, 作业性能, 液压挖掘机

Abstract:

Based on the working area of the hydraulic excavator, the effect of the size change of the working mechanism on digging range and the working performance indices is studied. According to the performance requirements, the optimization design strategy of the working mechanism size is provided. Considering the typical conditions during the excavating operation such as arm digging and bucket digging, the corresponding excavating trajectory envelope curves are drawn by the working device motion analysis software. The size change influence of the boom, arm, and bucket of the working mechanism on the digging performance indices of the whole machine is analyzed. The dynamics analysis is carried out on the working mechanism, and the complex digging force is optimized. The results show that when the boom size increases, the maximum digging depth and the digging reach are increased by 5.56% and 13.31%, respectively, and the maximum cutting height and the dumping height are increased by 51.36% and 53.87%, respectively. When the arm size is increased, the overall change rate of the 4 main working dimensions is less than 5%, but the increase rate is relatively low, and the relative increase rate of the cutting height is decreased. As the bucket size is increased, the maximum digging depth is increased by 2.7% and the relative increase rate is homogeneous. The overall change rate of the maximum cutting height, digging reach are about 1.3%, moreover, the maximum dumping height is decreased. After optimization, the larger digging force is 532.16 kN, and compared with the arm digging and bucket digging has large improvement, and the path of the main working conditions is given.

Key words: mechanism size, working device, working performance, hydraulic excavator

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