• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (20): 4-13.doi: 10.3901/JME.2018.20.004

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

液压驱动机械臂势能回收利用研究工作进展

权龙, 夏连鹏, 赵斌, 葛磊   

  1. 太原理工大学新型传感器与智能控制教育部和山西省重点实验室 太原 030024
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-28 修回日期:2018-07-15 出版日期:2018-10-20 发布日期:2018-10-20
  • 通讯作者: 夏连鹏(通信作者),男,1990年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为工程机械液压系统节能控制。E-mail:xialianpeng0120@link.tyut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:权龙,男,1959年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为电液伺服及比例控制技术。E-mail:quanlong@tyut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51675364,U1510206)和中德国际科技合作(2015DFA70210)资助项目。

Innovation Progress in Research on Gravitational Potential Energy Recovery and Utilization of Hydraulic Driven Mechanical Arm

QUAN Long, XIA Lianpeng, ZHAO Bin, GE Lei   

  1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024
  • Received:2018-03-28 Revised:2018-07-15 Online:2018-10-20 Published:2018-10-20

摘要: 液压缸驱动的机械臂,由于自身重量较大,举升过程中会累积很大的重力势能,在下降过程经过液压阀的节流作用转换为热能耗散掉,不仅浪费能源,还需要额外的冷却装置进行散热,进一步增加系统的能耗和成本,解决方法是高效率地回收和利用这部分能量。对重力势能电气回收利用方式和液压回收利用方式的国内外研究现状进行全面的分析对比,根据重力势能回收和再利用过程能量的转换方式与传递路径,分析电气回收利用、蓄能器直接回收利用、闭式泵控与蓄能器组合回收利用、机械臂重力蓄能器预充压平衡四种方法的优点和不足。最后,对全新的能量转换次数少、传递路径短、各环节效率高的液压和电气混合驱动机械臂工作原理、能效特性做分析,并给出试验测试结果,研究成果对设计和推广应用高能效液压缸驱动的机械臂具有重要的指导意义。

关键词: 机械臂, 节能, 能量回收, 液电混合驱动, 液压挖掘机

Abstract: The huge gravitational potential energy accumulated in the lifting operation of the heavy duty lifting mechanism driven by hydraulic cylinders is converted into heat energy through the throttling effect of the hydraulic valve in the lowering process. This not only causes large energy waste, but also requires additional cooling devices to lower the temperature, which increases the energy consumption and cost of the machine. The solution is to efficiently recover and utilize the potential energy. A comprehensive analysis and summary of the researches on gravitational potential energy recovery and utilization with electrical and hydraulic methods are made. According to the energy conversion and transfer path of the potential energy recuperation, the advantages and shortcomings of electrical method, direct using a hydraulic accumulator method, closed pump control with a hydraulic accumulator method and using a hydraulic accumulator balance the mechanical arm method are analysed. At last, the hydraulic and electrical hybrid mechanical arm driving system with less energy conversions, short energy transfer path and high efficiency in each link is proposed. The working principle and energy efficiency characteristics are analysed and experiment tests are carried out. The research results have important guiding significance in designing and popularizing the efficient mechanical arm driven by hydraulic cylinder.

Key words: energy recovery, energy saving, hydraulic and electrical hybrid driving, hydraulic excavator, mechanical arm

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