形状记忆合金超弹性螺旋弹簧的力学模型

doi:10.3901/JME.2019.08.056

机械工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (8): 56-64.doi: 10.3901/JME.2019.08.056

形状记忆合金超弹性螺旋弹簧的力学模型

周博, 王志勇, 薛世峰

中国石油大学(华东)储运与建筑工程学院青岛 266580

收稿日期:2018-05-21 修回日期:2018-11-23 出版日期:2019-04-20 发布日期:2019-04-20
通讯作者: 周博(通信作者),男,1972年出生,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为智能材料与结构、油气工程力学、微尺度材料力学等。E-mail:zhoubo@upc.edu.cn
作者简介:王志勇,男,1992年出生。主要研究方向为智能材料与结构、微尺度材料力学等;薛世峰,男,1963年出生,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为断裂力学、油气工程力学、计算力学等。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划资助项目（2017YFC0307604）。

Mechanical Model for Super-elastic Helical Spring of Shape Memory Alloy

ZHOU Bo, WANG Zhiyong, XUE Shifeng

College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580

Received:2018-05-21 Revised:2018-11-23 Online:2019-04-20 Published:2019-04-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 结合普通金属螺旋弹簧的弹性变形理论和形状记忆合金（SMA）的力学本构模型，分析与描述SMA螺旋弹簧的簧丝横截面上应变、应力分布规律，进而推导SMA螺旋弹簧的相变临界参数计算公式。基于SMA螺旋弹簧的宏观试验现象和推导的相变临界参数计算公式，建立描述SMA螺旋弹簧的轴向变形和轴向外力间关系的力学模型。理论计算与试验结果的对比表明，建立的SMA螺旋弹簧力学模型能准确预测SMA螺旋弹簧的轴向外力和轴向变形间的关系，并克服有限单元法模拟计算SMA螺旋弹簧时在几何建模和数值收敛等方面的局限性，可为研究SMA螺旋弹簧的力学行为和基于SMA螺旋弹簧的结构设计提供必要的理论基础和技术参考。

关键词: 力学模型, 螺旋弹簧, 相变临界参数, 形状记忆合金

Abstract: The distributions of strain and stress in the section of the shape memory alloy (SMA) wire of helical spring are analyzed and described based on the deformation theory of ordinary helical spring and constitutive model of SMA. Then the formulas are derived to calculate the phase transition critical parameters of SMA helical spring. A mechanical model, which expresses the relation of axial force and axial deformation in SMA helical spring, is developed based on the experimental phenomena and the formulas of phase transition critical parameters of SMA helical spring. Results show that the developed mechanical model is able to predict the relation of axial force and axial deformation in SMA helical spring and overcome the limitations of geometric modeling and numerical convergence in the finite element method. Therefor it can serve as the theoretical basis and technical reference for the investigation on the mechanical behaviors of SMA helical spring and the structure design based on SMA helical spring.

Key words: helical spring, mechanical model, phase transition critical parameter, shape memory alloy

中图分类号:

TG139

周博, 王志勇, 薛世峰. 形状记忆合金超弹性螺旋弹簧的力学模型[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(8): 56-64.

ZHOU Bo, WANG Zhiyong, XUE Shifeng. Mechanical Model for Super-elastic Helical Spring of Shape Memory Alloy[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2019, 55(8): 56-64.

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形状记忆合金超弹性螺旋弹簧的力学模型

Mechanical Model for Super-elastic Helical Spring of Shape Memory Alloy

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