• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (13): 302-314.doi: 10.3901/JME.2025.13.302

• 数字化设计与制造 • 上一篇    

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静电液压驱动软体机器鱼设计、建模与实验

王神龙1, 王宏伟1, 任飞宇1, 苑家豪1, 苏泽焜1, 徐开谊1, 李国瑞2,3   

  1. 1. 上海理工大学机械工程学院 上海 200093;
    2. 哈尔滨工程大学智能海洋航行器技术全国重点实验室 哈尔滨 150001;
    3. 哈尔滨工程大学青岛创新发展基地 青岛 266000
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-04 修回日期:2024-10-23 发布日期:2025-08-09
  • 作者简介:王神龙,男,1989年出生,博士,副教授,博士研究生导师。;主要研究方向为软体机器人、非线性动力学建模与分析。E-mail:shenlongwang@usst.edu.cn;李国瑞(通信作者),男,1990年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为软物质力学、软体水下机器人、水下柔性智能装备等。E-mail:grli@hrbeu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年(12102398)和国家自然科学基金面上 (12172226, 12472161)资助项目。

Design, Modeling and Experiment on Soft Robotic Fish Driven by Electrostatic Hydraulic Actuators

WANG Shenlong1, WANG Hongwei1, REN Feiyu1, YUAN Jiahao1, SU Zekun1, XU Kaiyi1, LI Guorui2,3   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093;
    2. National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Marine Vehicle Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001;
    3. Qingdao Innovation and Development Base, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266000
  • Received:2024-07-04 Revised:2024-10-23 Published:2025-08-09

摘要: 基于静电液压软体驱动器的工作原理,以蝠鲼为仿生原型设计了一款可实现水下高机动性能的无缆软体机器鱼。首先,提出一种对称式静电液压软体驱动关节,将此关节作用于机器鱼的胸鳍推进部分,基于扑动-波动混合型仿生推进模式获得软体机器人推力。其次,机器鱼背鳍引入浮沉机构,通过对电磁线圈施加一定的频率的正反向电流,驱动背鳍叶片左右摆动来产生向下的推进力,进而实现下潜运动。最后,通过实验分析了胸鳍驱动器的运动特性、力学特性,建立了胸鳍水下扑动的动力学模型,并开展相应的性能测试和功能集成。研究结果表明,该软体机器鱼可以实现34.46 mm/s (0.15 BL/s) 的运动速度,其转弯半径为15.2 cm,下潜速度为14.33 mm/s,该机器鱼的力学分析、驱动设计和系统集成方法可以推广到多种软体机器人与柔性智能器件设计,为新一代电驱动软体机器人与水下装备的设计提供新思路。

关键词: 静电液压驱动, 软体机器鱼, 扑动-波动推进, 动力学模型, 电磁浮沉

Abstract: Based on the working principle of electrostatic hydraulic soft-body actuators, this paper designs a cable-free soft robotic fish with high underwater maneuverability inspired by manta ray. Firstly, a symmetrical electrostatic hydraulic soft-body drive joint is proposed, which is applied to the pectoral fin propulsion part of the robot fish. The fins are based on the flutter-wave hybrid bionic propulsion mode to obtain the soft robot thrust. Secondly, a buoyancy control mechanism is introduced into the dorsal fin of the robotic fish. By applying positive and negative currents of a certain frequency to the electromagnetic coil, the dorsal fin blade is driven to swing left and right to generate downward propulsion, thereby realizing diving. Finally, the kinematic and mechanical characteristics of the pectoral fin actuator are analyzed experimentally, the dynamic model of pectoral fin flutter under water is established, and the corresponding performance tests and functional integration are carried out. Experimental results show that the soft robotic fish can realize a motion speed of 34.46 mm/s (0.15 BL/s), its turning radius is 15.2 cm, and its diving speed is 14.33 mm/s. The mechanical analysis, drive design and system integration methods of the robotic fish can be generalized to the design of various soft robots and flexible intelligent devices, providing new ideas for the design of next-gen of electrically driven soft robots and underwater equipment.

Key words: electrostatic hydraulic actuators, soft robotic fish, flutter-wave propulsion, dynamical model, electromagnetic float and sink

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