高速动车组车轮踏面与悬挂系统协调匹配研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260659

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过车辆蛇行运动模型及滚摆振动模型，研究不同轮对定位刚度车辆系统的运动稳定性特征，揭示蛇行运动与车体振动的影响机理。开展某平台动车组3种车轮踏面磨耗跟踪试验，分析其磨耗分布特征以及与60和60N钢轨匹配的等效锥度演变规律。通过采用柔性定位和大刚度轮对定位车辆系统运动稳定性研究，揭示轮对定位刚度对车辆系统稳定区域分布的影响机理。研究表明，柔性定位转向架配合低锥度踏面，主要存在锥度增大时的高速区蛇行失稳；刚性定位转向架配合大锥度踏面存在2个不稳定区，在低速区会因锥度过低而出现车体蛇行，在高速区会出现因锥度过大导致的转向架蛇行失稳；磨耗后期A踏面与60钢轨匹配的等效锥度过大，需控制等效锥度上限，避免转向架蛇行失稳，B、C踏面新镟状态与60N钢轨匹配的等效锥度较小，应关注其等效锥度下限，避免车体蛇行。本研究为高速动车组悬挂系统与车轮踏面的匹配设计和运用管理提供了科学指导。

关键词: 动车组, 车轮踏面, 悬挂系统, 蛇行稳定性, 车体振动

Abstract: Based on the hunting models and the rock and roll model of vehicle system, both the stability characteristics of vehicle systems with different wheelset positioning stiffness and the interacting mechanism of hunting motion and carbody vibration are investigated. Field tracking test on the wear of three wheel profiles used in a platform of high-speed EMUs in China is carried out to analyze their wear distribution features, and to compare the evolution laws of the equivalent conicities of the three profiles matched with 60 and 60N rail profiles respectively. Based on the investigation on the stability of vehicle systems with flexible and rigid wheelset positioning, the influencing mechanism of positioning stiffness on the distribution of the stability regions of vehicle system is disclosed. The research indicates that, for a bogie with flexible suspended wheelset and low-conicity wheel profile, the main unstable region is the hunting at high speed due to the increased conicity. While for a bogie with large positioning stiffness and large wheel conicity, there are two unstable regions. The first is carbody hunting at low speed due to too low conicity, and the other is bogie hunting at high speed due to too large conicity. For the contact between worn wheel profile A and 60 rail profile, large equivalent conicity will be generated, it’s urgent to control the upper boundary of equivalent conicity to avoid bogie hunting. While for the new B and C profiles matched with 60N rail profile, low conicity may occur, special care should be taken to the lower boundary of equivalent conicity to avoid carbody hunting. The research can provide scientific support for the compatibility design and the operational management of suspension system and wheel tread in high-speed EMUs.

Key words: electric multiple unit, wheel profile, suspension system, hunting stability, carbody vibration

中图分类号:

U270
U211

郭涛, 关庆华, 景晨鑫, 梁树林, 陈秉智. 高速动车组车轮踏面与悬挂系统协调匹配研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(16): 196-206.

GUO Tao, GUAN Qinghua, JING Chenxin, LIANG Shulin, CHEN Bingzhi. Compatibility of Wheel Profile and Suspension System in High-speed EMU[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(16): 196-206.

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链接本文: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/10.3901/JME.260659

http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I16/196

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