• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (14): 291-301.doi: 10.3901/JME.260750

• 运载工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

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轨道不平顺激励作用下高速列车制动闸片振动特性分析

李沛轩1, 王志伟1, 蒋树1, 赵春光2, 莫继良1, 王开云1   

  1. 1. 西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室 成都 610031;
    2. 铁科纵横(天津)科技发展有限公司 天津 301700
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-01 修回日期:2026-01-05 发布日期:2026-08-29
  • 作者简介:李沛轩,男,2000年出生。主要研究方向为制动闸片结构优化。E-mail:lipeixuan@my.swjtu.edu.cn;王志伟(通信作者),男,1991年出生,博士,副研究员,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为轨道车辆制动安全基础理论及应用、轨道车辆动力学与智能运维。E-mail:wangzw@swjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFB3710604)、国家自然科学基金(52388102,U22A20181)、轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室自主课题(2024RVL-T09)、中国科协青年人才托举工程(2022QNRC001)和中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研(2022YJ321)资助项目。

Analysis of Brake Pad Vibration Characteristics in High-speed Trains Induced by Track Irregularities

LI Peixuan1, WANG Zhiwei1, JIANG Shu1, ZHAO Chunguang2, MO Jiliang1, WANG Kaiyun1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031;
    2. Tieke Zongheng (Tianjin) Technology Development Co., Ltd., Tianjin 301700
  • Received:2025-09-01 Revised:2026-01-05 Published:2026-08-29

摘要: 浮动式闸片的连接结构是列车制动系统中关键且薄弱的部件,复杂线路条件带来的轨道不平顺激励导致浮动式制动闸片的振动特性极其复杂且尚不明确。为了探究轨道不平顺对高速列车制动系统中浮动式制动闸片振动特性的影响,建立车辆刚-柔耦合动力学模型,并通过现场实测的线路试验数据验证了该模型的正确性。进一步,建立考虑浮动式制动闸片各连接结构间相互作用关系的制动系统有限元模型,并通过台架试验和模态耦合理论对有限元模型的结构和材料参数进行了验证。最后,结合车辆动力学模型与制动系统有限元模型,提出一种考虑轨道不平顺的浮动式闸片振动行为分析方法,系统探究了轨道不平顺激励对浮动式制动闸片摩擦块振动及载荷的影响规律。结果表明:轨道不平顺导致浮动式制动闸片摩擦块振动波动增大,且列车运行速度越快,轨道不平顺对制动闸片摩擦块振动特性的影响越显著。为保证列车盘形制动器服役安全,在制动闸片分析、设计与评估中,应考虑轨道不平顺的影响。

关键词: 轨道不平顺, 高速列车, 制动器, 车辆动力学, 振动特性

Abstract: The connection structure of floating brake pads is a critical yet vulnerable component in train braking systems. Complex track conditions result in intricate and poorly understood vibration characteristics of these pads. To investigate how track irregularities impact the vibration of floating brake pads in high-speed trains, a rigid-flexible coupling vehicle dynamics model is developed and validated with on-site track test data. A finite element model of the braking system is also created, accounting for interactions among various connection structures of the brake pads. This model is confirmed through bench tests and modal coupling theory to ensure precise structural and material parameters. By integrating the vehicle dynamics model with the finite element model, an analysis method is proposed to study the vibration behavior of floating brake pads in relation to track irregularities. The findings indicate that track irregularities increase the vibration fluctuations of the brake pad friction blocks, with the effect more pronounced at higher speeds. To ensure the safety of train disc brakes, it is essential to consider track irregularities in the analysis, design, and evaluation of brake pads.

Key words: track irregularity, high-speed train, brake, vehicle dynamics, vibration characteristics

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