随焊感应加热尺寸和热源数对焊接失稳变形的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.06.112

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (6): 112-120.doi: 10.3901/JME.2025.06.112

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随焊感应加热尺寸和热源数对焊接失稳变形的影响

付玲¹, 易斌^1,2, 尹莉¹, 薛丁琪¹, 任会礼¹, 王江超²

1. 起重机械关键技术全国重点实验室长沙 410013;
2. 华中科技大学船舶与海洋工程学院武汉 430074

收稿日期:2024-08-12 修回日期:2024-12-18 出版日期:2025-03-20 发布日期:2025-04-14
作者简介:付玲，女，1967年出生，博士，高级工程师，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为大型复杂结构设计与制造。E-mail:ful@zoomlion.com;王江超(通信作者)，男，1983年出生，博士，副教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为船舶海洋结构物建造工艺力学及力学性能评估。E-mail:WJccn@hust.edu.cn<
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52071151)和长沙市科技领军人才(kh2201012)资助项目。

Effect of Size and Number of Induction Heating during Welding Process on Buckling Distortion Induced by Welding

FU Ling¹, YI Bin^1,2, YIN Li¹, XUE Dingqi¹, REN Huili¹, WANG Jiangchao²

1. National Key Laboratory of Hoisting Machinery Key Technology, Changsha 410013;
2. School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074

Received:2024-08-12 Revised:2024-12-18 Online:2025-03-20 Published:2025-04-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对薄板焊接失稳变形难以在焊后完全矫正的问题，提出采用随焊感应加热工艺对其控制，并研究工艺参数的影响。首先，进行薄板对接接头常规焊接和随焊感应加热工艺试验；通过K型热电偶测量附加感应加热区域瞬时温度，冷却后采用三坐标仪获取接头变形轮廓。对接接头均呈现出马鞍形，但随焊感应加热工艺下焊接变形小于常规焊接的结果。随后，建立对接接头实体单元模型，考虑材料非线性和几何非线性进行热-弹-塑性有限元分析。常规焊接和随焊感应加热工艺下，计算的温度场数据和焊接变形均与试验测量结果基本吻合，验证了热-弹-塑性有限元分析的准确性。最后，通过有限元计算，研究了随焊感应加热区域尺寸和个数对焊接失稳变形控制效果的影响。结果表明，增加随焊感应加热区域尺寸和个数，能获得更好的焊接失稳变形控制效果，优化后的工艺参数可将面外变形减小90%以上。随焊感应加热形成的热拉伸作用显著降低母材区域的残余压应力，提高了焊接结构的稳定性，以此控制甚至消除焊接失稳变形。

关键词: 焊接失稳变形, 感应加热, 工艺参数, 有限元分析, 残余应力

Abstract: In order to solve the problem that buckling distortion induced by welding of thin plates structures was difficult to be perfectly corrected after welding, induction heating during welding process was proposed to control it and the effect of processing parameters was investigated. Conventional welding (CW) and induction heating during welding process were performed on butt welded joints with thin plates. The temperature histories in the additional induction heating region were measured by K-type thermocouple, while the deformation profile was obtained by a coordinate measuring machine after cooling down. The butt welded joints showed saddle shape, but the distortion under induction heating during welding process was less than that of CW. Then, a solid elements model of butt welded joint was established, which was used to conduct thermal elastic plastic (TEP) FE analysis considering material nonlinearity and geometric nonlinearity. The computed temperature histories and welding distortions were in good agreement with the measured results of CW and induction heating during welding process, so that the accuracy of TEP FE analysis was validated. Finally, the influence of the size and number for additional induction heating region on control effect of buckling distortion induced by welding was studied with the validated TEP FE analysis. The results showed that better control effect can be obtained by increasing the size and number of additional induction heating region. The optimized process parameters of induction heating during welding process can reduced out-of-plane displacement by more than 90%. The thermal stretching action formed by induction heating during welding process significantly decreased residual compressive stress in base material region and improved the stability of welded structures, so as to control or even eliminate buckling distortion induced by welding.

Key words: buckling distortion induced by welding, induction heating, processing parameters, FE analysis, residual stresses

中图分类号:

U671.83

付玲, 易斌, 尹莉, 薛丁琪, 任会礼, 王江超. 随焊感应加热尺寸和热源数对焊接失稳变形的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(6): 112-120.

FU Ling, YI Bin, YIN Li, XUE Dingqi, REN Huili, WANG Jiangchao. Effect of Size and Number of Induction Heating during Welding Process on Buckling Distortion Induced by Welding[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(6): 112-120.

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随焊感应加热尺寸和热源数对焊接失稳变形的影响

Effect of Size and Number of Induction Heating during Welding Process on Buckling Distortion Induced by Welding

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