电弧增材制造装备系统与应用的发展现状

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.06.092

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 电弧增材制造技术作为一种低能耗、可持续的绿色制造技术，极为适合大型复杂构件的低成本、高效制造。然而，复杂结构和高性能构件的制造需求对电弧增材制造装备系统提出了很大的挑战。目前，电弧增材制造装备系统的成形精度、质量以及稳定性限制了其进一步发展和应用。阐述电弧增材制造的技术原理，从机构自由度、成形精度和质量、成形效率以及热输入控制等方面总结了电弧增材制造装备系统的发展现状，并结合电弧增材制造技术在工业制造领域的应用实例探讨其广阔的应用前景，最后展望该领域未来的发展方向。通过对装备系统与应用进展的阶段性总结，旨在促进电弧增材制造的进一步工业化应用。

关键词: 电弧增材制造, 机构自由度, 成形质量, 成形效率, 热输入

Abstract: As a low-energy, sustainable green manufacturing technology, wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technology is very suitable for low-cost and high-efficiency manufacturing of large and complex components. However, the manufacturing requirements of complex structures and high-performance components pose great challenges to the WAAM equipment system. At present, the forming accuracy, quality and stability of the WAAM equipment system limit its further development and application. The technical principles of WAAM are expounded. The development status of WAAM equipment system is summarized from the aspects of mechanism freedom, forming precision and quality, forming efficiency and heat input control. Combined with the application examples of WAAM technology in the industrial manufacturing, its broad application prospects are discussed. Finally, the future development direction of this field is prospected. By summarizing the equipment systems and applications, the aim is to promote further industrial applications of WAAM.

Key words: wire arc additive manufacturing, mechanism freedom, forming quality, forming efficiency, heat input

中图分类号:

杜心伟, 魏艳红, 沈泳华, 赵文勇, 刘仁培. 电弧增材制造装备系统与应用的发展现状[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(6): 92-102.

DU Xinwei, WEI Yanhong, SHEN Yonghua, ZHAO Wenyong, LIU Renpei. Development Status of Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Equipment System and Application[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(6): 92-102.

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