考虑公差不确定性的快速真空开关机构保持单元多目标优化

doi:10.3901/JME.2022.17.058

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 永磁保持单元为斥力操动机构在分合闸位置提供足够的保持力，是维持机械开关分闸或合闸状态的重要元件，其结构参数与出力特性是开关可靠分合闸的关键因素。针对保持单元敏感部件加工公差不确定、装配一致性差、输出动态特性相互关联问题，将区间不确定性模型引入保持单元系统出力特性分析中，提出一种基于非支配排序粒子群算法的多变量多目标优化方法。首先，基于保持单元三维有限元模型，研究动铁芯与导磁环的公差不确定性对保持单元输出力的影响规律。然后，以保持单元敏感部件公差影响分析为基础，选取永磁保持单元机械参数为优化变量，计及操动机构成本与弹跳大小，同时考虑导磁环与动铁芯公差不确定性，建立考虑公差不确定性的斥力操动机构保持单元多目标优化设计模型，得到Pareto前沿非支配解集。最后，基于所优化的保持单元结构，搭建快速真空开关实验平台进行斥力操动机构分合闸实验，该系统可在15 ms内完成分合闸动作。研究表明，该优化方法保证了不同制造条件下斥力操动机构保持单元均能最大程度发挥其作用，且允许动铁芯与导磁环参数设计较低等级公差。

关键词: 斥力操动机构, 公差设计, 区间不确定性, NSPSO, 多场耦合

Abstract: The permanent magnet retaining unit provides sufficient holding force for the repulsive operating mechanism at the opening and closing position. It is an important component to maintain the opening or closing state of the mechanical switch. Its structural parameters and output characteristics are the key factors for the reliable opening and closing of the switch. Aiming at the problems of uncertain machining tolerance, poor assembly consistency, interrelated output dynamic characteristics of sensitive parts of retaining unit of repulsive operating mechanism, the interval uncertainty model is introduced into the analysis of output characteristics of retaining unit system, and a multivariable and multi-objective optimization method based on non-dominated sorting particle swarm optimization is proposed. Firstly, based on the three-dimensional finite element model of the retaining unit, the influence law of the tolerance uncertainty of the moving iron core and magnetic guide ring on the output force of the holding element is obtained. Based on the tolerance influence analysis of the sensitive parts of the retaining unit, the mechanical parameters of the permanent magnet retaining unit are selected as the optimization variables, the cost and bounce of the operating mechanism are considered, the uncertainty of the tolerance of the magnetic guide ring and the moving iron core is considered, the multi-objective optimization design model of the retaining unit of the repulsive operating mechanism considering the uncertainty of the tolerance is established, and the set of non-dominated solutions of Pareto frontier is obtained. Finally, based on the optimized retaining unit structure, a fast vacuum switch experimental platform is built for the opening and closing experiment of the repulsive operating mechanism. The system can complete the opening and closing action within 15 ms. The research shows that the optimization method ensures that the retaining unit of the repulsive operating mechanism can play its role to the greatest extent under different manufacturing, and allows low grade tolerances for the parameters of the moving iron core and magnetic guide ring.

Key words: repulsive operating mechanism, tolerance design, interval uncertainty, NSPSO, multi field coupling

中图分类号:

TM561

刘晓明, 姜文涛, 张煦松, 陈海, 韩旭. 考虑公差不确定性的快速真空开关机构保持单元多目标优化[J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(17): 58-66.

LIU Xiaoming, JIANG Wentao, ZHANG Xusong, CHEN Hai, HAN Xu. Multi-objective Optimization of Retaining Unit of Actuator for Fast Vacuum Circuit Switch Considering Tolerance Uncertainty[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 58(17): 58-66.

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