关键词: 表面残余应力, 参数优化, 刀具寿命, 精密车削, 均匀设计

Abstract: In order to explore precision turning parameter optimization of austenitic stainless steel which is a difficult cutting material, pseudo-variable A is introduced as a factor of cooling cutting conditions, and a precision turning experiment program is projected by uniform design method, which contains qualitative factors hybrid level. A low cost and high efficiency turning test is carried out in three different conditions of dry cutting, wet cutting and cutting with low temperature air containing micro-oil mist. Under the three cooling cutting conditions, the precision turning parameter optimization model of austenitic stainless steel is established, in which, cutting speed, feed amount, cutting depth and tool nose radius are taken as optimization variables, and surface roughness, surface residual stress, cutting force, cutting temperature, tool life and cutting efficiency are taken as objective functions. Meanwhile, the parameters are optimized and verified, and the test results show that the optimization effect is good. Total metal surface area that can be lathed before cutter blunt is taken as the cutter life, and precision turning parameters are optimized in the condition of workpiece continuous surface without machined trace. The results are useful for precision turning parameters selection in heavy workpiece cutting.

Key words: parameter optimization, precision turning, surface residual stress, tool life, uniform design