激光功率对原位反应增材制造Nb-16Si二元合金显微组织的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.2020.08.069

机械工程学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (8): 69-76.doi: 10.3901/JME.2020.08.069

• 特邀专栏：轻质材料焊接与连接 • 上一篇下一篇

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激光功率对原位反应增材制造Nb-16Si二元合金显微组织的影响

刘伟, 李能, 任新宇, 高超, 熊华平

中国航发北京航空材料研究院3D打印研究与工程技术中心北京 100095

收稿日期:2019-12-25 修回日期:2020-02-10 出版日期:2020-04-20 发布日期:2020-05-28
通讯作者: 熊华平(通信作者),男,1969年出生,博士,研究员,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为航空焊接技术和激光增材制造等。E-mail:xionghuaping69@sina.cn;xionghp69@163.com
作者简介:刘伟,男,1984年出生,博士,高级工程师。主要研究方向为金属材料与构件增材制造技术。E-mail:liuwei2011621@sina.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（51605456，51775525）。

Influence of Laser Power on Microstructure of Nb-16Si Binary Alloys Fabricated by In-situ Additive Manufacturing

LIU Wei, LI Neng, REN Xinyu, GAO Chao, XIONG Huaping

3 D Printing Research & Engineering Technology Center, AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095

Received:2019-12-25 Revised:2020-02-10 Online:2020-04-20 Published:2020-05-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以平均粒径约80 μm的纯Nb和纯Si粉末为原料，采用500 W、750 W、1 000 W和1 500 W功率的激光束为热源，通过双通道同轴送粉激光熔化沉积（Laser melting deposition，LMD）技术制备了四种Nb-16Si二元合金。利用扫描电子显微镜（Scanning electron microscope，SEM）、X射线能量色散谱仪（Energy dispersive spectrometer，EDS）以及X射线衍射仪（X-ray diffraction，XRD）等手段分析了沉积态合金的宏微观组织演变与维氏硬度。结果表明，随LMD激光功率由500 W增至1 500 W，沉积试样表面形貌逐渐趋于光滑，相对密度由91.1%增至98.5%。激光功率对沉积态Nb-16Si合金相组成无明显影响，在高能激光束的作用下，纯Nb粉末与纯Si粉末发生原位反应，直接合成了室温亚稳态的Nb₃Si相和Nb_SS（Niobium solid solution，Nb_SS）相。激光功率强烈影响Nb-16Si合金的显微组织形貌，随激光功率的增加，合金中先共晶Nb_SS相由枝晶状逐渐转变为细小等轴状，其平均尺寸由约50 μm细化至1 μm左右，合金中Nb_SS+Nb₃Si共晶组织形态由细小的层片状共晶，逐渐转变为纳米级的Nb_SS相弥散分布在Nb₃Si基体上的不规则共晶。随激光功率增加，合金的维氏硬度由605 HV逐渐增加至898 HV。

关键词: Nb-16Si二元合金, 激光熔化沉积, 激光功率, 原位反应, 显微组织

Abstract: The high purity Nb powder and Si powder with the average particle size of 80 μm are used as raw powder and four kinds of Nb-16Si binary alloys are fabricated by laser melting deposition of double coaxial powder feeder method with 500 W, 750 W, 1000 W and 1 500 W laser beam as the energy resource. The macro- and micro-structure evolution and Vickers hardness of these alloys are investigated with scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction spectrometer (XRD), etc. The results show that with the laser power increasing from 500 W to 1 500 W, the surface morphology of the as-deposited alloys gradually becomes smooth, and the relative density increases from 91.1% to 98.5%. The laser power of LMD has no obvious effect on the phase constitution of Nb-16Si alloys, and the metastable Nb₃Si and Nb_SS(Niobium solid solution, Nb_SS) phases are synthesized directly by the in-situ reaction between pure Nb powder and pure Si powder under the laser beam heating condition. With the increase of laser power, the morphology of pro-eutectic Nb_SS phase changes from dendrite to fine equiaxed gradually, and its average size is also refined from about 50 μm to 1 μm approximately. The microstructure of Nb_SS+Nb₃Si eutectic in the as-deposited alloys changes from fine lamellar eutectic to irregular eutectic of nanometer Nb_SS distributing on Nb₃Si matrix. The Vicker's hardness of as-deposited Nb-16Si alloys increases from 605 HV to 898 HV with the increase of laser power.

Key words: Nb-16Si binary alloys, laser melting deposition, laser power, in-situ reaction, microstructure

中图分类号:

TG148

刘伟, 李能, 任新宇, 高超, 熊华平. 激光功率对原位反应增材制造Nb-16Si二元合金显微组织的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(8): 69-76.

LIU Wei, LI Neng, REN Xinyu, GAO Chao, XIONG Huaping. Influence of Laser Power on Microstructure of Nb-16Si Binary Alloys Fabricated by In-situ Additive Manufacturing[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 56(8): 69-76.

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激光功率对原位反应增材制造Nb-16Si二元合金显微组织的影响

Influence of Laser Power on Microstructure of Nb-16Si Binary Alloys Fabricated by In-situ Additive Manufacturing

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