柔性支承下的大型离心压缩机转子振动特性

doi:10.3901/JME.2019.19.121

机械工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (19): 121-127.doi: 10.3901/JME.2019.19.121

• 特邀专栏：高端透平机械动力学 • 上一篇下一篇

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柔性支承下的大型离心压缩机转子振动特性

杨树华^1,2, 胡永¹, 肖忠会¹, 张程¹, 太兴宇^1,3

1. 沈阳鼓风机集团股份有限公司沈阳 110869;
2. 大连理工大学能源与动力学院大连 116024;
3. 清华大学机械工程学院北京 100084

收稿日期:2018-08-01 修回日期:2019-02-26 出版日期:2019-10-05 发布日期:2020-01-07
通讯作者: 杨树华(通信作者),男,1972年出生,硕士,教授级高级工程师,沈鼓集团副总工程师。主要研究方向为流体机械、转子动力学。E-mail:yshemail@sina.com;胡永(通信作者),男,1986年出生,工程师。主要研究方向为转子动力学、电磁轴承及故障诊断分析。E-mail:huyong0887@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（51876021）和《天然气液化用大型混合冷剂压缩机研制》项目（工信部联装[2014]500号）资助项目。

Rotor Vibration Analysis of Large-scale Centrifugal Compressor under the Flexible Support

YANG Shuhua^1,2, HU Yong¹, XIAO Zhonghui¹, ZHANG Cheng¹, TAI Xingyu^1,3

1. Shenyang Blower Works Group Company Limited, Shenyang 110869;
2. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024;
3. School of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084

Received:2018-08-01 Revised:2019-02-26 Online:2019-10-05 Published:2020-01-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 支承刚度对转子系统的动力学特性具有重要影响。针对大型离心压缩机转子在高速平衡条件下和实际运行工况下的支承刚度差异导致的振动问题开展研究。由于高速动平衡机的摆架刚度较低，使得一些大型离心压缩机的轴承油膜刚度与支承刚度几乎相当，导致2阶弯曲临界转速大幅降低，从而使得转子振动超标，高速动平衡难以满足标准要求。结合实际案例分别进行不考虑支承刚度及带有动平衡机摆架刚度的转子动力学分析，并对轴承瓦块、轴承座、机壳、底座进行有限元分析，获得压缩机转子的基础刚度。结果表明，考虑支承刚度的转子2阶临界转速出现了11.1%～18.3%的下降，1阶临界仅下降3.6%～7.3%，与高速动平衡试验结果吻合较好，实际支承刚度因大于轴承刚度3.5倍，机械运转试验显示1阶临界、2阶临界转速未有实质性下降，且振动满足API617标准要求，与不考虑支承刚度的转子动力学分析结果基本一致。

关键词: 柔性支承, 支承刚度, 离心压缩机, 动力特性, 转子振动

Abstract: The support stiffness is of significant influence on the dynamic characteristics of rotor system. The vibration caused by the support stiffness differences in high speed balancing and real operating conditions of large scale centrifugal compressor is studied. Due to the low stiffness of the swing of the high speed balance machine, the oil film stiffness of the bearing in some of the large scale centrifugal compressors is quite similar as the support stiffness which lead to the dramatic decrease of the second bending critical speed. Consequently, the rotor vibration is out of limits, and the high speed balancing could not meet the requirements of the standards. The rotordynamics analyses have been done respectively without considering the support stiffness and with the swing stiffness of the balance machine combined with real cases, and the FEA has been done on bearing pad, bearing pedestal, casing and baseplate to get the foundation stiffness of the compressor rotor. The results show that the second order critical speed of rotor taking the support stiffness into account decreased by 11.1%-18.3% while the first order critical speed decreased only by 3.6%-7.3% which fit the high speed balance results well. The real support stiffness should be higher than the bearing stiffness by 3.5 times, and the mechanical running test shows that the first order critical and the second order critical speeds do not decrease substantially and meet the requirements of API 617. The results are in consistent with the rotordynamic analysis results without considering the support stiffness.

Key words: flexible support, support stiffness, centrifugal compressor, rotordynamic coefficient, rotor vibration

中图分类号:

TG156

杨树华, 胡永, 肖忠会, 张程, 太兴宇. 柔性支承下的大型离心压缩机转子振动特性[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(19): 121-127.

YANG Shuhua, HU Yong, XIAO Zhonghui, ZHANG Cheng, TAI Xingyu. Rotor Vibration Analysis of Large-scale Centrifugal Compressor under the Flexible Support[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2019, 55(19): 121-127.

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柔性支承下的大型离心压缩机转子振动特性

Rotor Vibration Analysis of Large-scale Centrifugal Compressor under the Flexible Support

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