空气压缩机模型级用于不同真实气体的气动性能研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2016.08.198

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于机器马赫数相等的相似变换准则,对不同真实气体工质同一离心压缩机模型级进行常温常压及高温高压下气动性能的数值研究。除了空气,选取的气体工质还包括二氧化碳和丙烯两个重介质以及一个轻介质甲烷。通过分析不同工质的物性和模型级气动性能变化规律,寻找影响不同工质模型级性能变化的主要因素。结果表明：在机器马赫数相等的条件下,工质远离临界区时,模型级内部流场受比热比影响较大,导致不同真实气体的级性能随比热比的变化而改变,流场内部流动损失及压力随比热比的增大而增大。当模型级进出口比热比变化较小时,比热比越大,级效率越低,压比越高,但能头系数变化较小;进出口比热比变化较大时,级性能变化比较大。

关键词: 比热比, 高温高压, 离心压缩机, 数值模拟, 真实气体

Abstract: Based on the criterion of similarity i.e the machine Mach number is kept equal, numerical simulations of aerodynamic performance are carried out for a centrifugal compressor model stage when used for air and different real gases at normal and high temperature and pressure. Except for air, two heavy working fluids including carbon dioxide and propylene and one light fluid i.e. methane are considered. Major impact factors on stage aerodynamic performance need to be found by analyzing physical properties of different gases and stage performance. Numerical results show that the specific heat ratio has a large influence on the flow field of the compressor stage when the machine Mach number is kept the same and the status of a fluid is far away from its critical state. Hence the stage aerodynamic performance of different real gases vary with specific heat ratio. Internal flow loss and pressure become large with increase in specific heat ratio. When the difference of specific heat ratio between inlet and outlet is small, the stage efficiency becomes lower and pressure ratio gets larger as the specific heat ratio becomes higher. However the head coefficient of stage changes slightly. When the difference of specific heat ratio between inlet and outlet is large, the stage performance largely varies.

Key words: centrifugal compressor, high temperature and pressure, numerical simulation, real gas, specific heat ratio

中图分类号:

TH452

刘艳, 陶丽桦, 王键, 王海伦, 孙玉莹. 空气压缩机模型级用于不同真实气体的气动性能研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2016, 52(8): 198-206.

LIU Yan, TAO Lihua, WANG Jian, WANG Hailun, SUN Yuying. Study of Aerodynamic Performance of an Air Compressor Model Stage Used for Different Real Gases[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 52(8): 198-206.

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