大型点阵结构增材制造技术与进展

doi:10.3901/JME.260068

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 大型点阵结构因其具备高孔隙率的结构特性以及抗冲击/减震降噪等功能特性，在现代国防，海洋，建筑等重点工业领域具有广阔的应用前景。目前，制造技术的局限是制约大型点阵结构应用的重要瓶颈。增材制造突破传统制造技术的限制，基于逐层堆积的成形原理，使得三维大型点阵结构一体化成形成为可能。聚焦大型点阵结构增材制造技术与方法，从制造工艺，制造装备以及应用前景三个方面对当前研究现状与特点进行阐述和总结。在制造工艺方面，对比目前国内外相关研究团队开发的大型多材料金属点阵结构制造工艺与先进成果，以桁架类点阵和标准几何类点阵为代表，对比当前制造技术特点。在制造装备方面，从装备结构和装备控制系统两个维度进行归纳总结，汇总目前大型点阵结构制造装备结构形式，同时明晰控制系统的异同。最后对大型点阵结构在增材制造领域未来应用进行展望。旨在系统性阐述大型点阵结构在增材制造领域的进展与未来发展，促进增材制造技术在轻量化结构高效高质量制造方面的工业化应用。

关键词: 大型点阵结构, 电弧增材制造, 制造工艺, 制造装备, 应用前景

Abstract: Large-scale lattice structures, characterized by their high porosity and multifunctional properties such as impact resistance, vibration damping, and noise reduction, hold great potential in key industrial sectors including national defense, marine engineering, and construction. However, limitations in current manufacturing technologies and methods remain a critical bottleneck for their broader application. Additive manufacturing (AM), by virtue of its layer-by-layer fabrication principle, overcomes the constraints of traditional techniques and enables the integrated 3D formation of spatially complex large-scale lattice structures. This study focuses on the latest developments in AM technologies and approaches tailored for large-scale lattice structures, and provides a comprehensive review from three perspectives: manufacturing processes, manufacturing equipment, and application prospects. In terms of manufacturing processes, we compare the state-of-the-art fabrication methods for large-scale multi-material metal lattice structures developed by domestic and international research teams, with a focus on truss-type and regular geometric lattice structures. Regarding manufacturing equipment, we summarize the structural configurations and control systems of current AM platforms, highlighting key differences and commonalities. Finally, we explore the future application potential of large-scale lattice structures in the context of AM. This review aims to systematically elucidate the recent progress and future directions of large-scale lattice structure fabrication via additive manufacturing, and to promote the industrial application of AM technologies for the efficient and high-quality production of lightweight structures.

Key words: large-scale lattice structure, wire arc additive manufacturing, manufacturing process, manufacturing equipment, application prospect

中图分类号:

徐田秋, 符瑞, 罗龙溪, 许瀚文, 毛昊, 刘长猛. 大型点阵结构增材制造技术与进展[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(3): 2-14.

XU Tianqiu, FU Rui, LUO Longxi, XU Hanwen, MAO Hao, LIU Changmeng. Additive Manufacturing Technologies and Research Progress for Large-scale Lattice Structures[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(3): 2-14.

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